Table 3 Distribution of Serum Markers in Lung Cancer by Histology and Stage and Comparison with Controls in the Training Set.

From: Highly Sensitive Marker Panel for Guidance in Lung Cancer Rapid Diagnostic Units

Marker

Control/Casea

Median

Range

P b

Adjusted effect (95% CI)c

EGF

Control

336.86

40.13–1187.06

  

(pg/mL)

NSCLC

601.97

144.23–1176.15

0.002

0.277 (0.168–0.386)*

 

 Early (I + II)

785.28

388.23–1159.73

0.002

0.409 (0.236–0.581)*

 

 Late (III + IV)

528.51

144.23–1176.15

0.002

0.231 (0.109–0.354)*

 

SCLC

295.48

40.75–1716.30

0.798

−0.039 (−0.293–0.216)

 

 Limited

55.97

40.75–201.63

—

 
 

 Extended

440.64

264.30–1716.30

—

 

sCD26

Control

471.50

122.00–1092.00

  

(ng/mL)

NSCLC

356.00

136.00–945.00

0.002

−0.095 (−0.153– − 0.038)*

 

 Early (I + II)

432.00

206.00–640.00

0.235

-0.032 (−0.114–0.049)

 

 Late (III + IV)

341.00

136.00–945.00

0.002

−0.116 (−0.179– −0.054)*

 

SCLC

294.00

208.00–1092.00

0.040

−0.073 (−0.184–0.037)

 

 Limited

370.00

339.00–1192.00

—

 
 

 Extended

288.00

208.00–541.00

—

 

CAL

Control

127.87

7.56–421.23

  

(ng/mL)

NSCLC

221.06

87.19–438.32

0.002

0.250 (0.160–0.341)*

 

 Early (I + II)

193.72

120.73–340.67

0.017

0.188 (0.033–0.343)*

 

 Late (III + IV)

238.59

87.19–438.32

0.002

0.275 (0.172–0.378)*

 

SCLC

245.69

48.33–422.20

0.112

0.203 (−0.014–0.419)

 

 Limited

97.32

91.06–422.20

—

 
 

 Extended

279.34

48.33–355.19

—

 

MMP-1

Control

5459.61

1186.61–23960.37

  

(pg/mL)

NSCLC

7132.52

1450.34–41668.33

0.093

0.071 (−0.049–0.192)

 

 Early (I + II)

7800.42

1784.41–30180.33

0.235

0.087 (-0.106-0.279)

 

 Late (III + IV)

7132.52

1450.34–41668.33

0.131

0.066 (−0.065–0.198)

 

SCLC

7135.23

2220.44–18900.42

0.279

0.083 (−0.158–0.323)

 

 Limited

7135.23

4890.35–18900.42

—

 
 

 Extended

8114.52

2220.44–14246.29

—

 

MMP-7

Control

21761.35

5026.14–79977.27

  

(pg/mL)

NSCLC

26485.45

5383.18–79809.13

0.048

0.021 (−0.052–0.095)

 

 Early (I + II)

24615.56

8551.00–51000.43

0.726

−0.031 (−0.136–0.074)

 

 Late (III + IV)

26680.26

5383.18–79809.13

0.023

0.039 (−0.041–0.118)

 

SCLC

28177.70

8231.19–43429.13

0.056

0.052 (−0.082–0.186)

 

 Limited

26874.44

26710.65–40252.39

—

 
 

 Extended

30110.14

8231.19–43429.13

—

 

MMP-9

Control

177.60

52.79–3611.59

  

(ng/mL)

NSCLC

340.19

21.06–1914.00

0.002

0.257 (0.135–0.379)*

 

 Early (I + II)

379.94

174.70–1688.00

0.002

0.285 (0.101–0.470)*

 

 Late (III + IV)

299.65

21.06–1914.00

0.002

0.244 (0.106–0.382)*

 

SCLC

225.61

65.58–786.34

0.798

0.013 (−0.235–0.262)

 

 Limited

115.93

65.58–253.19

—

 
 

 Extended

298.21

76.78–786.34

—

 

CEA

Control

837.26

170.84–4070.71

  

(pg/mL)

NSCLC

1783.93

141.16–136039.19

0.002

0.467 (0.266–0.668)*

 

 Early (I + II)

1093.08

353.26–21684.85

0.140

0.154 (−0.050–0.358)

 

 Late (III + IV)

2750.49

141.16–136039.19

0.002

0.567 (0.348–0.787)*

 

SCLC

3704.96

1147.58–82300.26

0.002

0.818 (0.541–1.094)*

 

 Limited

2092.47

1147.58–82300.26

—

 
 

 Extended

3884.15

1667.40–29844.72

—

 

CYFRA 21.1

Control

227.05

0.00–19314.33

  

(pg/mL)

NSCLC

2910.66

0.00–173410.17

0.002

0.939 (0.348–1.531)*

 

 Early (I + II)

1181.22

0.00–7309.16

0.104

0.503 (−0.382–1.387)

 

 Late (III + IV)

4791.34

0.00–173410.17

0.002

1.105 (0.459–1.752)*

 

SCLC

5886.75

0.00–12228.10

0.012

1.285 (0.154–2.415)*

 

 Limited

1754.30

219.64–6610.22

—

 
 

 Extended

5965.40

0.00-12228.10

—

 
  1. Abbreviations: NSCLC = Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, SCLC = Small Cell Lung Cancer.
  2. aSample size in training set: Control n = 72, NSCLC n = 59 (Early stage n = 16, Late stage n = 43), SCLC n = 9 (Limited stage n = 3, Extended stage n = 6).
  3. bMann-Whitney U test for comparison between the control groups and lung cancer stratified by histology and stage corrected by Benjamini-Hochberg method to control familywise error under multiple comparisons.
  4. cAdjusted effects and 95% confidence intervals of histology and stage on each of the log-transformed markers considered as outcome in lineal regression model adjusted for gender, age and smoking. *P-value statistically significant.
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