Table 2 Subgroup analyses on cardiovascular and all-cause mortality.
Subgroup | No. of studies | Pooled HR | 95% CI | Heterogeneity between studies |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1. All-cause mortality | ||||
Sample size | ||||
≥1,000 | 2 | 2.50 | 2.03–3.09 | p = 0.575; I2 = 0%; |
<1,000 | 6 | 2.39 | 1.95–2.93 | p = 0.464; I2 = 0% |
Mean age | ||||
≥70 years | 2 | 2.76 | 2.12–3.58 | p = 0.596; I2 = 0% |
<70 years | 6 | 2.31 | 1.94–2.76 | p = 0.702; I2 = 0% |
Follow-up duration | ||||
>5 years | 5 | 2.36 | 1.98–2.82 | p = 0.764; I2 = 0% |
≤5 years | 3 | 2.63 | 2.03–3.41 | p = 0.342; I2 = 6.9% |
Region | ||||
Europe | 5 | 2.43 | 1.98–2.98 | p = 0.617; I2 = 0% |
USA | 2 | 2.42 | 1.95–2.99 | p = 0.274; I2 = 0% |
Gender | ||||
Men | 2 | 2.27 | 1.63–3.15 | p = 0.519; I2 = 0% |
Men + women | 6 | 2.49 | 2.11–2.93 | p = 0.581; I2 = 0% |
NT-proBNP value | ||||
Cutoff | 4 | 2.12 | 1.62–2.77 | p = 0.681; I2 = 0% |
Quintile/Tertile | 4 | 2.60 | 2.18–3.10 | p = 0.716; I2 = 0% |
Adjustment for renal function | ||||
Yes | 5 | 2.44 | 2.08–2.85 | p = 0.617; I2 = 0% |
No | 3 | 2.49 | 1.69–3.69 | p = 0.409; I2 = 0% |
2. Cardiovascular mortality | ||||
Sample size | ||||
≥1,000 | 4 | 3.63 | 2.46–5.37 | p = 0.074; I2 = 56.8%; |
<1,000 | 4 | 4.07 | 2.52–6.56 | p = 0.174; I2 = 39.7% |
Mean age | ||||
≥70 years | 2 | 5.10 | 3.33–7.81 | p = 0.596; I2 = 0% |
<70 years | 6 | 3.40 | 2.45–4.70 | p = 0.110; I2 = 44.3% |
Follow-up duration | ||||
>5 years | 6 | 3.39 | 2.60–4.42 | p = 0.174; I2 = 35% |
≤5 years | 2 | 6.10 | 3.48–10.50 | p = 0.344; I2 = 0% |
Region | ||||
Europe | 5 | 3.61 | 2.44–5.36 | p = 0.152; I2 = 40.3% |
USA | 2 | 3.76 | 2.27–6.25 | p = 0.056; I2 = 72.6% |
Gender | ||||
Men | 3 | 3.02 | 2.00–4.55 | p = 0.230; I2 = 32% |
Men + women | 5 | 4.56 | 2.98–6.96 | p = 0.064; I2 = 54.9% |
NT-proBNP value | ||||
Cutoff | 2 | 3.28 | 1.63–6.60 | p = 0.110; I2 = 60.8% |
Quintile/Tertile | 6 | 4.00 | 2.83–5.66 | p = 0.070; I2 = 50.9% |
Adjustment for renal function | ||||
Yes | 7 | 3.68 | 2.69–5.04 | p = 0.617; I2 = 0% |
No | 1 | 4.69 | 2.53–8.72 | — |