Figure 1: Structure of the proposed THz VO2 modulated scatterer.

(a) Schematic diagram and biasing circuit. The bowtie antenna is connected to a DC current generator used to actuate the VO2 region in the antenna gap. (b) Top view of the fabricated device, with dimensions L = 2 μm, W = 4 μm, LA = 300 μm, WA = 400 μm, optimized to maximize the modulated signal.