Table 2 Recovery studies of real water samples spiked with various Cu2+ concentrations, comparing the proposed colourimetric method with ICP-OES analyses.
From: Multipath colourimetric assay for copper(II) ions utilizing MarR functionalized gold nanoparticles
Sample | Cu2+ (μM) | The proposed method | ICP-OES | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
UV-vis | Smartphone-based approach | |||||||||
Measured ± SD a (μM) | Recovery b (%) | CV c (%) | Measured ± SD a (μM) | Recovery b (%) | CV c (%) | Measured ± SD a (μM) | Recovery b (%) | CV c (%) | ||
Tap water | 4 | 3.66 ± 0.19 | 91.50 | 5.19 | 3.81 ± 0.65 | 95.25 | 17.0 | 4.02 ± 0.24 | 100.50 | 5.97 |
8 | 8.27 ± 0.54 | 103.38 | 6.53 | 8.02 ± 0.49 | 100.25 | 6.11 | 8.65 ± 0.63 | 108.13 | 7.30 | |
Bottled water | 4 | 4.26 ± 0.24 | 106.50 | 5.63 | 4.42 ± 0.25 | 110.50 | 5.66 | 4.13 ± 0.16 | 103.25 | 3.87 |
8 | 8.06 ± 0.41 | 100.75 | 5.09 | 8.21 ± 0.28 | 102.63 | 3.41 | 8.35 ± 0.53 | 104.37 | 6.35 | |
River water | 4 | 3.95 ± 0.15 | 98.75 | 3.80 | 3.61 ± 0.35 | 90.25 | 9.70 | 4.30 ± 0.17 | 107.50 | 3.95 |
8 | 7.41 ± 0.39 | 92.62 | 5.26 | 7.71 ± 0.50 | 96.38 | 6.50 | 8.19 ± 0.39 | 102.37 | 4.76 | |
