Figure 3: Cellular toxicity analysis for the effects of TiO2 nanotubes on human dermal fibroblasts.
From: Anodically Grown Titania Nanotube Induced Cytotoxicity has Genotoxic Origins
The alamar blue assisted assay revealed a dose independent viability chart, with viability decreasing with decrease in concentration (a). Though an overall maximum viability remained at approximately 60%. (Columns, means of three independent experiments; bars ± SD). The live dead analysis (b–g) revealed a generally live cell population in the NTs treated group (e–g) which could be correlated to the residual esterase even in the cells undergoing apoptosis (f) (scale bar represents 500 μm). In the cell cycle analysis a predominant synthetic and mitotic phase was observed with the control cells (h), however in the NTs group a prominent resting phase was observed (i). The LDH release was found to be insignificant in treatment group when compared to control (j); The TCP expression were found to be unaffected (k) whereas the number of proliferating cells in the treatment group dropped by half when compared to control (l).
