Figure 3: Expression analysis of various genes in B. monnieri as influenced by chitinolytic microbes viz., Chitiniphilus sp. (CHI) and Streptomyces sp. (STR) singly as well as in combinations (with and without M. incognita).

Control: untreated-uninoculated; Control + Mi: untreated M. incognita-inoculated. Pathogenesis-related protein 1 (PR1), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGR), mevalonate diphosphate decarboxylase (MDD), and squalene synthase (SQS) transcripts were amplified by qRT-PCR using gene-specific primers. Total RNA was isolated from the B. monnieri leaves after 5 weeks of M. incognita inoculation. The untreated M. incognita inoculated plant was used as a control. Results were normalized to 18S-rRNA (reference transcript). Relative expression was determined using the equation; 2−ΔΔCt. Data are mean ± standard error (n = 3 biological replicates) and asterisk indicate significant between treated and untreated pathogen-inoculated control (LSD test *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01).