Figure 1
From: Laser Calorimetry Spectroscopy for ppm-level Dissolved Gas Detection and Analysis

Schematic of the principle of (a) LCS (b) Differential LCS - used to eliminate the effect of room temperature (c) Dual-beam differential LCS that gives the ability to quantify gas concentrations even when the liquid absorbance is significant compared to that of the gas. In differential LCS, the laser beam is incident only on the sample cell, while in dual-beam differential LCS, laser beams are incident on both the sample and reference cells.