Figure 2: Latitudinal gradients in functional diversity for six orders of European angiosperms.

Distributions show the functional richness (left) and dispersion (right) of the trait space described by all species within each of the six evaluated orders for 1-degree latitudinal bands. Represented values are the per-grid mean from ten functional diversity estimates (see Methods). Assessed orders are illustrated with different colours. Dashed black line represents the 46°N latitude, which marks an estimate of the maximum northern limit of temperate tree full-glacial refugia1,25.