Figure 1: Cross-lagged path analysis of childhood BMI and insulin, adjusted for age, race, gender, and follow-up years.

β1, β2 = cross-lagged path coefficients; r1 = synchronous correlations; r2, r3 = tracking correlations; R2 = variance explained. Goodness-of-fit: RMR = 0.062 and CFI = 0.904. Coefficients different from 0: *p < 0.01, †p < 0.001 for difference between β1 and β2.