Table 2 Summary of δ¹⁸O and δ²H values in tap water samples and d-excess = ²H–8δ¹⁸O.

From: Divergence of stable isotopes in tap water across China

No	Sample site	count	δ¹⁸O (‰)				δ²H (‰)				d-excess (‰)
No	Sample site	count	Max	Min	std	Average	Max	Min	std	Average	Max	Min	std	Average
1	Heihe	9	−13.88	−15.93	0.58	−14.64	−103.11	−119.31	4.93	−108.68	11.90	7.00	1.53	8.48
2	Harbin	13	−12.20	−13.46	0.43	−12.72	−88.71	−96.62	2.54	−92.56	11.89	7.75	1.32	9.18
3	Karamay	10	−11.23	−12.38	0.33	−11.63	−75.23	−79.42	1.20	−77.20	19.60	14.64	1.80	15.85
4	Urumchi	3	−10.66	−10.86	0.08	−10.77	−72.33	−73.48	0.48	−72.83	13.70	12.91	0.32	13.32
5	Aksu	8	−7.73	−11.25	1.17	−9.28	−56.86	−72.46	5.23	−63.41	17.56	4.94	4.34	10.80
6	Korla	12	−7.44	−10.48	0.77	−8.04	−54.63	−70.61	4.13	−57.31	13.20	4.90	2.11	7.02
7	Kashgar	10	−12.62	−13.96	0.45	−13.17	−88.37	−94.82	2.04	−91.19	18.41	11.78	2.42	14.20
8	Jiuquan	6	−10.53	−10.92	0.13	−10.73	−73.87	−75.12	0.42	−74.53	12.47	10.34	0.68	11.28
9	Delingha	10	−9.16	−10.11	0.29	−9.67	−58.89	−64.84	1.84	−61.76	19.11	14.09	1.77	15.60
10	Golmud	10	−9.60	−10.56	0.36	−10.03	−64.78	−67.99	0.91	−66.60	16.96	11.08	2.09	13.65
11	Xining	9	−6.75	−8.70	0.55	−7.99	−44.16	−48.97	1.34	−47.21	20.60	9.87	3.21	16.74
12	Lanzhou	6	−10.02	−10.54	0.16	−10.22	−69.97	−75.37	1.70	−72.01	11.37	8.80	0.86	9.77
13	Baiyin	12	−6.49	−10.49	1.19	−7.99	−42.03	−73.22	10.89	−51.13	16.21	5.10	3.07	12.83
14	Baotou	5	−9.12	−9.95	0.34	−9.59	−66.50	−72.78	2.77	−70.12	7.32	5.98	0.49	6.57
15	Hohhot	5	−10.08	−10.93	0.31	−10.62	−77.41	−80.60	1.20	−78.20	9.60	0.04	3.51	6.73
16	Linhe	2	−9.87	−10.94	0.53	−10.41	−75.05	−79.33	2.14	−77.19	8.16	3.95	2.10	6.06
17	Yinchuan	5	−11.86	−12.08	0.08	−12.00	−84.27	−85.52	0.46	−85.08	11.11	10.63	0.19	10.89
18	Yulin	6	−7.43	−7.78	0.14	−7.62	−59.42	−61.44	0.78	−60.57	0.82	−0.27	0.39	0.41
19	Taiyuan	5	−8.24	−9.20	0.35	−8.57	−62.41	−68.00	2.09	−63.98	5.61	3.48	0.84	4.57
20	Jinzhong	10	−7.29	−8.87	0.57	−8.28	−56.54	−63.82	2.36	−60.48	9.75	1.79	2.60	5.74
21	Shijiazhuang	7	−6.42	−7.02	0.20	−6.74	−49.79	−54.11	1.33	−51.90	3.54	0.69	0.90	2.00
22	Anyang	8	−8.21	−8.47	0.08	−8.40	−53.51	−61.29	2.36	−60.16	12.16	5.78	1.85	7.04
23	Pingliang	10	−9.42	−10.71	0.46	−10.18	−65.56	−72.53	2.27	−69.06	16.45	9.06	2.43	12.36
24	Ulanhot	12	−10.31	−11.28	0.32	−10.78	−79.50	−84.39	1.06	−81.32	8.78	2.42	2.26	4.94
25	Xilinhot	5	−10.07	−10.50	0.15	−10.29	−80.73	−82.83	0.73	−82.10	1.42	−0.54	0.76	0.24
26	Tongliao	8	−9.87	−10.75	0.27	−10.18	−77.97	−80.18	0.76	−78.93	6.22	0.85	1.55	2.49
27	Changchun	3	−10.24	−10.55	0.13	−10.38	−79.90	−80.20	0.12	−80.06	4.18	1.84	0.96	2.96
28	Chifeng	10	−8.59	−10.06	0.41	−9.70	−70.16	−77.51	1.83	−74.70	5.71	−1.45	1.77	2.89
29	Shenyang	13	−8.94	−9.58	0.20	−9.22	−65.82	−69.36	1.17	−67.33	7.41	5.39	0.65	6.39
30	Chengde	4	−8.23	−8.43	0.08	−8.30	−62.04	−63.17	0.45	−62.40	4.30	3.65	0.25	3.96
31	Dandong	6	−7.73	−8.89	0.40	−8.53	−53.30	−61.28	2.71	−58.86	10.37	8.45	0.70	9.35
32	Beijing	12	−9.38	−10.37	0.30	−9.81	−62.95	−67.89	1.68	−65.59	15.04	11.44	0.89	12.87
33	Tianjin	4	−5.76	−7.03	0.50	−6.62	−49.04	−55.25	2.44	−53.15	0.96	−2.94	1.60	−0.19
34	Tangshan	4	−7.69	−7.95	0.10	−7.83	−57.13	−58.12	0.40	−57.67	5.70	4.15	0.69	4.96
35	Baoding	7	−8.38	−9.06	0.24	−8.75	−62.37	−65.27	1.06	−63.81	7.23	4.69	0.91	6.22
36	Cangzhou	13	−9.38	−10.75	0.33	−10.40	−75.08	−78.65	0.89	−77.41	7.69	−0.07	1.82	5.81
37	Dalian	10	−6.37	−7.47	0.36	−6.89	−49.28	−54.98	1.96	−52.02	5.51	1.72	1.07	3.10
38	Hengshui	6	−10.59	−10.99	0.12	−10.84	−79.35	−81.31	0.64	−79.92	7.57	5.39	0.73	6.82
39	Dongying	8	−5.33	−7.39	0.75	−6.66	−45.28	−56.23	3.75	−51.95	3.84	−2.62	2.39	1.31
40	Yantai	9	−5.50	−6.81	0.38	−6.19	−44.09	−49.00	1.71	−46.69	6.62	−0.12	1.83	2.84
41	Weifang	6	−7.49	−8.46	0.34	−8.04	−56.04	−61.37	1.83	−59.10	6.49	3.92	0.98	5.23
42	Lhasa	12	−16.49	−17.74	0.38	−17.26	−122.99	−132.09	2.75	−129.47	13.01	5.39	1.80	8.58
43	Gannan	10	−9.90	−10.80	0.28	−10.20	−66.80	−69.49	0.80	−68.26	17.40	11.58	1.85	13.31
44	Dingxi	10	−10.04	−10.98	0.28	−10.38	−67.64	−71.77	1.37	−69.97	17.50	10.80	2.27	13.04
45	Longnan	7	−10.22	−10.68	0.14	−10.45	−68.60	−69.99	0.47	−69.23	15.46	13.18	0.68	14.41
46	Chengdu	11	−11.95	−13.17	0.33	−12.25	−81.70	−87.21	1.47	−83.83	18.12	12.19	1.55	14.15
47	Nyingchi	10	−12.58	−14.38	0.56	−13.80	−87.42	−104.03	5.29	−98.49	13.78	10.87	0.91	11.91
48	Xichang	11	−7.34	−12.97	1.79	−8.87	−63.42	−90.67	8.03	−71.77	13.12	−5.86	6.46	−0.77
49	Panzhihua	5	−13.49	−14.63	0.39	−14.21	−96.87	−108.98	4.30	−105.09	11.02	7.32	1.34	8.60
50	Baoshan	6	−9.63	−10.22	0.19	−9.81	−68.47	−72.78	1.56	−69.30	9.78	8.57	0.44	9.18
51	Kunming	9	−10.92	−11.92	0.30	−11.23	−81.09	−85.70	1.27	−82.66	10.04	5.78	1.48	7.16
52	Qujing	3	−9.06	−9.84	0.32	−9.42	−68.62	−73.58	2.03	−71.20	5.13	3.56	0.68	4.17
53	Simao	10	−7.38	−10.20	0.91	−8.62	−55.32	−69.16	5.14	−62.29	12.44	3.02	2.90	6.63
54	Wenshan	8	−6.39	−10.80	1.31	−9.30	−49.35	−76.26	7.98	−66.50	10.16	1.80	2.56	7.87
55	Tianshui	10	−8.61	−9.64	0.32	−9.08	−58.07	−61.56	1.00	−60.06	15.77	10.16	1.96	12.54
56	Zhengzhou	7	−7.82	−8.89	0.40	−8.42	−54.73	−64.17	3.99	−59.74	10.48	5.96	1.36	7.60
57	Kaifeng	7	−5.98	−8.32	0.80	−7.61	−36.40	−60.71	8.06	−55.36	11.46	0.95	2.90	5.56
58	Hanzhong	12	−7.48	−9.04	0.41	−8.48	−47.63	−59.40	3.21	−54.99	13.85	11.97	0.59	12.83
59	Xianyang	11	−11.08	−11.80	0.22	−11.47	−81.35	−86.57	1.54	−83.57	9.91	5.80	1.16	8.18
60	Enshi	5	−6.30	−8.28	0.72	−7.62	−34.56	−60.80	8.70	−48.44	15.88	5.48	3.69	12.53
61	Wuhan	9	−7.62	−9.44	0.56	−8.69	−47.68	−65.66	5.41	−58.10	13.30	9.67	1.16	11.38
62	Chongqing	11	−4.34	−9.22	1.48	−6.57	−22.98	−60.67	11.83	−41.47	15.78	7.10	2.32	11.08
63	Yueyang	5	−4.59	−4.70	0.04	−5.25	−26.60	−30.55	1.46	−28.86	10.13	6.37	1.33	8.50
64	Changsha	5	−4.76	−5.52	0.26	−5.21	−25.56	−33.72	2.88	−30.78	14.18	8.98	2.11	10.87
65	Bijie	11	−8.43	−9.72	0.38	−9.16	−55.45	−64.65	3.06	−60.88	15.13	9.87	1.21	12.41
66	Zunyi	1	−6.34	−6.34	0.00	−6.34	−41.09	−41.09	0.00	−41.09	9.59	9.59	0.00	9.59
67	Tongren	10	−6.52	−8.29	0.62	−7.25	−38.10	−49.04	3.37	−43.60	17.55	11.44	2.02	14.41
68	Huaihua	9	−5.81	−7.56	0.57	−6.65	−33.91	−45.41	3.33	−40.74	17.03	3.74	3.67	12.42
69	Hong Kong	10	−4.85	−5.99	0.39	−5.38	−28.10	−33.25	1.38	−31.71	15.20	8.94	2.28	11.31
70	Guiyang	8	−6.00	−8.50	0.93	−7.42	−41.96	−55.02	4.88	−49.69	14.58	6.04	3.42	9.65
71	Guilin	13	−5.63	−7.25	0.56	−6.19	−32.39	−42.30	3.40	−36.37	16.88	10.88	1.69	13.18
72	Zaozhuang	13	−4.76	−7.69	0.81	−5.91	−39.45	−51.91	4.03	−45.88	9.64	−1.52	2.65	2.85
73	Xuzhou	12	−10.16	−11.16	0.24	−10.48	−75.35	−77.36	0.54	−76.46	11.88	5.97	1.51	7.37
74	Suzhou	9	−6.98	−8.37	0.40	−8.05	−54.38	−58.28	1.12	−57.36	8.68	1.43	2.09	7.07
75	Yancheng	13	−4.05	−6.77	0.70	−5.19	−28.06	−45.65	4.69	−37.20	8.53	1.29	1.88	4.29
76	Nantong	5	−6.52	−8.17	0.77	−7.51	−40.77	−56.79	7.29	−50.29	12.28	8.01	1.45	9.82
77	Hefei	5	−5.13	−5.93	0.36	−5.58	−32.99	−41.08	3.55	−37.67	8.02	5.61	0.99	6.98
78	Ma’anshan	5	−6.50	−7.92	0.52	−7.37	−42.35	−53.14	4.06	−49.15	10.81	8.36	0.81	9.78
79	Shanghai	10	−3.80	−6.17	0.68	−4.74	−24.10	−37.92	3.97	−30.69	11.47	4.87	2.00	7.19
80	Shaoxing	6	−6.93	−7.98	0.33	−7.49	−42.07	−53.21	3.91	−48.58	13.37	9.34	1.51	11.36
81	Hangzhou	2	−6.35	−6.46	0.06	−6.40	−39.75	−40.61	0.43	−40.18	11.05	11.02	0.01	11.04
82	Quzhou	13	−6.28	−7.26	0.26	−6.79	−38.09	−46.50	2.50	−42.46	14.41	10.10	1.45	11.85
83	Lishui	9	−6.67	−8.36	0.51	−7.45	−39.29	−54.74	4.57	−47.29	14.09	9.78	1.26	12.35
84	Fuzhou	11	−5.74	−7.54	0.62	−6.49	−32.00	−48.53	5.48	−40.50	14.33	6.37	2.03	11.40
85	Longyan	7	−6.31	−6.75	0.12	−6.54	−37.16	−40.36	1.05	−38.85	14.30	12.68	0.55	13.49
86	Liuzhou	2	−5.96	−6.32	0.18	−6.14	−33.59	−36.75	1.58	−35.17	14.06	13.79	0.14	13.93
87	Shaoguan	13	−5.39	−7.61	0.69	−6.38	−30.01	−44.33	3.96	−38.23	16.53	9.45	2.23	12.81
88	Xiamen	10	−5.85	−7.44	0.49	−6.43	−36.71	−46.74	3.60	−40.38	13.62	9.90	1.15	11.06
89	Bose	9	−8.39	−9.86	0.50	−8.92	−57.36	−65.20	2.07	−60.41	14.67	8.22	2.44	10.93
90	Guangzhou	9	−4.86	−6.90	0.60	−6.14	−26.02	−45.69	5.66	−38.86	12.83	9.27	1.14	10.29
91	Nanning	11	−7.44	−8.66	0.36	−8.02	−49.04	−60.50	3.05	−55.35	10.49	7.46	0.85	8.79
92	Shenzhen	9	−4.80	−7.15	0.74	−5.69	−28.86	−43.65	4.48	−35.60	13.52	8.11	1.81	9.92
93	Qinzhou	5	−5.97	−6.93	0.38	−6.40	−36.32	−44.15	2.99	−40.18	11.83	10.22	0.54	10.99
94	Zhanjiang	8	−4.01	−8.08	1.36	−5.68	−26.91	−53.91	9.86	−38.54	10.74	4.60	2.29	6.87
95	Haikou	7	−6.31	−6.78	0.15	−6.57	−41.84	−45.47	1.32	−44.17	9.46	6.95	0.77	8.38

Back to article page

Table 2 Summary of δ¹⁸O and δ²H values in tap water samples and d-excess = ²H–8δ¹⁸O.

Search

Quick links