Figure 2: Thyroid disrupting activity of mixture assessed with XETA. | Scientific Reports

Figure 2: Thyroid disrupting activity of mixture assessed with XETA.

From: Human amniotic fluid contaminants alter thyroid hormone signalling and early brain development in Xenopus embryos

Figure 2

Screening of thyroid disrupting activity of mixture of 15 molecules at concentrations measured in human amniotic fluid (mix 1x) 10 times more concentrated (mix 10x) and 10 times less concentrated (mix 0.1x) using Tg(thibz:eGFP) tadpoles. (a) GFP fluorescence (mainly localised in heads) of whole tadpoles exposed to mixture at 0.1x, 1x, 10x or a TR antagonist NH-3 (1 μM) with (right) or without (left) a T3 spike at 5 × 10−9 M. Quantification was done on images taken at 72 h exposure. Scattered dot plots are shown with mean +/− SD of five independent pooled experiments (normalised against T3). Statistics used non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001). Hashes (###) represent p < 0.001, T3 vs Control using column-to-column comparison. (b–d) Histograms represent mean (+/SEM) of relative fluorescence units (RFU) of GFP in forebrain (b), midbrain (c) and hindbrain (d) of tadpoles exposed to mixture for 72 h in the absence of T3. Regions were delimited manually on ventral brain images (see Fig. S2c). Statistics used non parametric Kruskal Wallis compared to CTRL.

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