Figure 4

Four cut types that support mode rotation/splitting operation differently: in cut type A, mode 1 is unaffected (due to the its orthogonal alignment relative to the cut’s major axis) while mode 2 is affected by an E-cut that increases its frequency; in cut type B, mode 1 is unaffected while mode 2 is affected by an M-cut that decreases its frequency; in cut type C, mode 1 is affected by an E-cut while mode 2 is affected by an M-cut, causing each one to shift in opposite direction; and in cut type D, mode 1 is affected by a mixed E-/H-cuts while mode 2 is unaffected (except slightly by a small M-cut effect, if cut is large enough) and the frequency shifts are not in opposite directions. Primed symbols (f′₁ and f′₂) indicate rotated modes.