Figure 9: qRT-PCR determined relative expression SA biosynthesis genes in two-day-old pearl millet seedlings with (I) or without (U) Sclerospora graminicola inoculation harvested 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h.

Resistant – Seedlings of downy mildew resistant cultivar, Chitosan-Seedlings treated with Chitosan, T. hamatum UOM 13-Seedlings treated with the endophyte T. hamatum UOM 13, Control: Seedlings of downy mildew susceptible cultivar. Relative expression levels of (A) DAHP synthase (B) Shikimate kinase (C) Chorismate synthase (D) Chorismate mutase and (E) Isochorismate synthase. Expression levels were measured by qPCR and normalized to the constitutive PP2A gene. Values are means of a single experiment carried out in triplicate. The bars indicate ±SE and the data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test and p-value < or = 0.05 was significant compared with control and <0.01 significant with treated control.