Figure 3: CM from MCP-1/sSiglec-9-induced M2 macrophages protects hepatocytes from apoptosis and induces their proliferation under D-gal and LPS stimulation in vitro.

(a) Phase contrast images of hepatocytes stimulated with D-Gal and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 24 h in DMEM containing MCP-1 and sSiglec-9 proteins, M(DMEM)-CM, M(IL-4)-CM, or M(MCP-1/sSiglec-9)-CM (upper). Representative images of TUNEL-stained hepatocytes that were stimulated as above (lower). Scale bar: 100 μm. (b) Quantification of TUNEL+/DAPI-stained hepatocytes. Data represent the mean ± SEM; ∗P < 0.05. (c) Representative images of Ki- and Albumin-stained hepatocytes stimulated with D-Gal and LPS for 24 h in M(MCP-1/sSiglec-9)-CM. Scale bar: 100 μm. (d) Quantification of the Ki+/DAPI-stained hepatocytes. Data represent the mean ± SEM; ∗∗P < 0.01.