Figure 3: New bone formation is increased in PLGA scaffold seeded with ESW-treated BMSCs.

(A) H&E staining showed that the tissues generated inside the pores of the scaffold became more solid as compared to those seeded with non-ESW-treated cells at the same time point. (B) Representative Goldner-Trichrome staining showed that significantly more osteoid (red arrows, purple to red) were produced 8 weeks post-ESW treatment. Corresponding quantitative data shows that significant difference in the total area of osteoid between these two groups (P < 0.01 by unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test). Error bars, mean ± SD, n = 5; scale bar, 100 μm.