Figure 2: Biological pathways regulated by E₂ in macrophages.

(a) The DEGs list from RNA sequencing analysis was submitted to the DAVID database for functional annotation. GO ontologies significantly modulated following 3 or 24 h of estrogen treatment are represented, with the number of genes regulated in each ontology reported as % of all regulated genes at each treatment. Immune response includes Immune response, Chemotaxis and Endocytosis; Wound healing includes Response to wounding, Hemopoietic/lymphoid organ development and Blood vessel development; Lipid metabolism includes Positive regulation of lipid metabolic process, Cholesterol metabolic process and Lipid localization. Ontology gene lists are reported in Supplementary Table 2. (b) String diagram of the interactions among regulated genes. Genes of the Cell cycle (blue), Immune response (green) and Wound healing (red) are evidenced, with commonly regulated genes resulting in purple (Cell cycle + Immune response) and yellow (Immune response + Wound healing). The Venn diagram in the insert shows the numbers of unique or common regulated genes. (See Supplementary Figure 3 for a high resolution image of panel b).