Figure 1: Nuclear structure with hypertrophic stimuli in neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes (NRVCs).
From: Emerin plays a crucial role in nuclear invagination and in the nuclear calcium transient
(A) Confocal microscopic images of immunostaining for cTnT (red), LAMIN A/C (green), and nuclei (blue) in NRVCs. The scale bar is 5 μm. Left: a cardiomyocyte without nuclear invagination. Right: a cardiomyocyte with nuclear invagination. (B) Confocal microscopic images of immunostaining for LAMIN A/C (green) with 3D reconstruction, in NRVCs. The scale bar is 5 μm. Top: a cardiomyocyte without nuclear invagination. Bottom: a cardiomyocyte with nuclear invagination. (C) Electron microscopic images of NRVC. The scale bar is 2 μm. Left: a cardiomyocyte without nuclear invagination. Right: a cardiomyocyte with nuclear invagination. Red arrow indicates nuclear invagination. (D) Confocal microscopic images of Mag-fluo-4 fluorescence (green), MitoTracker (red), and nuclei (blue). The scale bar is 5 μm. (E) Representative confocal microscopic images of immunostaining for cTnT (red), LAMIN A/C (green), and nuclei (blue) in control NRVCs and NRVCs subjected to hypertrophic stimuli: Ang II, ET-1, or PE. The scale bar is 5 μm. (F) Bar graphs showing nuclear size in NRVCs exposed to vehicle (control; n = 100), Ang II (n = 26), ET-1 (n = 108), or PE (n = 79) for 48 hours in culture. The data are mean ± SD. (G) Bar graphs showing the percentages of cardiomyocytes with nuclear invagination among NRVCs exposed to vehicle (control; n = 47), Ang II (n = 97), ET-1 (n = 40), or PE (n = 56) for 48 hours in culture. *P < 0.05 compared to the control. **P < 0.01 compared to the control. †P < 0.001 compared to the control.
