Figure 1: TPPPS inhibits ALV-J replication in DF-1 cells.

(A) DF-1 cells cultured in 24-well plates were inoculated with 10 μL/well (TCID50 of 104.75/mL) of ALV-J. After 10 days of culture in MM containing different TPPPS concentrations, the virus in the supernatants was titrated using ELISA. (B) DF-1 cells infected with 10 μL/well (TCID50 of 104.75/mL) of ALV-J were treated with 50 μg/mL of TPPPS at different viral infection phases: TPPPS treatment at the adsorption phase (Ad); TPPPS treatment after adsorption (AA); and TPPPS treatment always (Al) during the entire infection process. Supernatants were collected at 24-hour intervals and titrated by ELISA. (C) IFA detection on ALV-J-infected DF-1 cells treated with TPPPS 8 days after inoculation. PBS-treated cell wells served as the control. All values shown are the means ± SD of three independent experiments. An asterisk indicates that the value of the corresponding group was significantly different from that of the control group (P < 0.05).