Table 2 Percentages of changes in land cover in terms of gains and losses for each period.

From: Effects of ecological restoration projects on changes in land cover: A case study on the Loess Plateau in China

 

FL

IFL

CL

O

CoL

W

1992–2000

gain

loss

gain

loss

gain

loss

gain

loss

gain

loss

gain

loss

FL

Dij

0.00

0.00

0.28

0.03

0.13

0.03

1.14

0.01

0.09

0.01

0.00

0.00

Rij

0.00

0.00

−0.82

1.00

−0.93

−0.75

−1.00

−1.00

−0.90

0.00

0.00

0.00

IFL

Dij

1.72

1.99

0.00

0.00

0.11

1.47

2.13

0.49

0.10

0.04

0.01

0.01

Rij

1.24

1.78

0.00

0.00

0.42

−0.80

−1.00

−0.98

−0.53

−0.31

0.00

−0.50

CL

Dij

1.52

2.31

0.40

2.47

0.00

0.00

3.38

4.94

0.08

0.13

0.00

0.04

Rij

−0.87

−0.91

0.45

−0.66

0.00

0.00

1.25

4.33

−0.33

−0.45

0.00

−1.00

O

Dij

0.15

0.07

0.08

0.11

0.02

0.11

0.00

0.00

0.28

0.29

0.00

0.00

Rij

−1.00

−1.00

−1.00

−1.00

−0.67

−0.92

0.00

0.00

14.00

29.00

0.00

0.00

CoL

Dij

0.08

0.02

0.01

0.00

0.02

0.01

0.09

0.02

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

Rij

−1.00

−1.00

−0.25

0.00

2.00

−0.25

−0.75

2.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

W

Dij

0.01

0.02

0.00

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.02

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

Rij

0.50

2.00

0.00

−0.50

0.00

−0.50

−1.00

−1.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

2000–2013

FL

Dij

0.00

0.00

0.12

0.07

0.04

0.02

2.10

0.10

0.28

0.17

0.02

0.03

Rij

0.00

0.00

−0.92

−0.88

−0.24

−0.13

−0.99

−0.83

−0.58

5.67

2.00

0.00

IFL

Dij

9.99

9.01

0.00

0.00

0.11

4.79

3.07

3.85

0.00

0.29

0.01

0.06

Rij

1.29

1.04

0.00

0.00

0.44

−0.93

−0.98

−0.98

0.00

−0.29

−0.50

−0.86

CL

Dij

7.03

4.61

0.20

1.59

0.00

0.00

5.45

6.16

0.06

0.14

0.01

0.04

Rij

−0.82

−0.74

0.91

−0.79

0.00

0.00

1.56

2.21

0.08

0.20

−0.50

−0.80

O

Dij

2.33

0.23

0.06

0.07

0.05

0.12

0.00

0.00

0.21

0.40

0.00

0.00

Rij

−1.00

−1.00

−1.00

−1.00

−0.71

−0.86

0.00

0.00

0.95

13.33

0.00

0.00

CoL

Dij

0.59

0.01

0.02

0.00

0.01

0.00

0.24

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

Rij

−1.00

−1.00

−1.00

0.00

−0.50

0.00

−1.00

−1.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

W

Dij

0.04

0.02

0.01

0.00

0.00

−0.01

0.03

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

Rij

−0.50

1.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

1.00

−1.00

−1.00

−1.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

  1. The difference between the observed and the expected value (Dij) is shown along with the difference between the observed and expected value, relative to the expected value (Rij) under a random change process from the perspective of gains (%) and losses (%).