Figure 1: Antennal responses of A. cerana (Ac) and A. mellifera (Am) workers to synthetic QMP compounds.
In all cases with significantly higher EAG responses, Am workers had stronger responses than Ac workers. Each plot shows the mean rectified EAG responses (response to blank solvent subtracted from the response to the test compound) with standard error bars. (A) Worker responses to the major QMP blends of Ac and Am queens. Significant differences are indicated with different letters (Tukey’s HSD test, P < 0.05). The EAG traces show typical responses to one queen equivalent of QMP blend. (B) Worker responses to individual compounds. The insets show a typical EAG response for a 100 μg dose of the test compound. Stars show significant differences based upon Least-Squares Means Contrast tests (F1,86 ≥ 6.32, P ≤ 0.014). Filled-in black circles on the x-axes show the mean quantity per queen, averaged for both species. Compounds are grouped into three rows, corresponding to the average amounts found in one queen equivalent of QMP (see Table 1).
