Table 3 Crude and adjusted odds ratio of anemia for introducing different types of complementary foods at 3–6 months compared with ≥6 months.

From: Age of Complementary Foods Introduction and Risk of Anemia in Children Aged 4–6 years: A Prospective Birth Cohort in China

 

Risk of Anemia

3–6 months

≥6 months

Rice cereal/porridge

 Case/Study participants

367/2187

2264/16,259

 Crude OR (95% CI)

1.24 (1.10–1.40)

1

 Adjusted OR (95% CI)

1.12 (0.99–1.26)

1

Bread/steamed bun/fine dried noodle

 Case/Study participants

122/604

2509/17,842

 Crude OR (95% CI)

1.55 (1.27–1.90)

1

 Adjusted OR (95% CI)

1.38 (1.12–1.69)

1

Pureed noodle/cookies

 Case/Study participants

122/633

2509/17,813

 Crude OR (95% CI)

1.46 (1.20–1.79)

1

 Adjusted OR (95% CI)

1.29 (1.05–1.58)

1

Tofu

 Case/Study participants

215/1169

2416/17,277

 Crude OR (95% CI)

1.38 (1.18–1.61)

1

 Adjusted OR (95% CI)

1.21 (1.03–1.41)

1

Egg yolk

 Case/Study participants

275/1641

2356/16,805

 Crude OR (95% CI)

1.23 (1.07–1.41)

1

 Adjusted OR (95% CI)

1.11 (0.96–1.27)

1

Fish paste

 Case/Study participants

198//1155

2433/17,291

 Crude OR (95% CI)

1.26 (1.07–1.48)

1

 Adjusted OR (95% CI)

1.12 (0.95–1.32)

1

Liver paste

 Case/Study participants

101/596

2530/17,850

 Crude OR (95% CI)

1.24 (1.00–1.54)

1

 Adjusted OR (95% CI)

1.09 (0.87–1.36)

1

Animal blood

 Case/Study participants

114/700

2517/17,746

 Crude OR (95% CI)

1.17 (0.95–1.44)

1

 Adjusted OR (95% CI)

1.04 (0.84–1.28)

1

Ground meat/soy product

 Case/Study participants

123/604

2508/17,842

 Crude OR (95% CI)

1.57 (1.28–1.92)

1

 Adjusted OR (95% CI)

1.39 (1.14–1.71)

1

  1. OR, odds ratio; CI: confidence interval.
  2. OR was adjusted for child’s age, sex, birth weight and breastfeeding status, and maternal characteristics (age at delivery, education, occupation, folic acid supplementation, BMI, hemoglobin in early pregnancy, parity and caesarean section).