Table 5 Crude and adjusted mean differences in hemoglobin (g/L) for introducing complementary foods at 3–6 months compared with ≥6 months.

From: Age of Complementary Foods Introduction and Risk of Anemia in Children Aged 4–6 years: A Prospective Birth Cohort in China

 

Hemoglobin Concentration

3–6 months

≥6 months

Rice cereal/porridge

Mean ± SD

124.4 ± 12.2

125.5 ± 11.2

 Unadjusted MD (95% CI)

−1.07 (−1.58 to −0.56)

0

 Adjusted MD (95% CI)

−0.71 (−1.22 to −0.20)

0

Bread/steamed bun/fine dried noodle

 Mean ± SD

123.8 ± 13.1

125.4 ± 11.3

 Unadjusted MD (95% CI)

−1.63 (−2.56 to −0.71)

0

 Adjusted MD (95% CI)

−1.26 (−2.18 to −0.34)

0

Pureed noodle/cookies

 Mean ± SD

124.1 ± 12.7

125.4 ± 11.3

 Unadjusted MD (95% CI)

−1.33 (−2.23 to −0.42)

0

 Adjusted MD (95% CI)

−0.96 (−1.86 to −0.06)

0

Tofu

 Mean ± SD

123.9 ± 12.4

125.4 ± 11.3

 Unadjusted MD (95% CI)

−1.53 (−2.21 to −0.86)

0

 Adjusted MD (95% CI)

−1.17 (−1.85 to −0.50)

0

Egg yolk

 Mean ± SD

124.4 ± 12.2

125.4 ± 11.3

 Unadjusted MD (95% CI)

−0.98 (−1.56 to −0.40)

0

 Adjusted MD (95% CI)

−0.65 (−1.23 to −0.07)

0

Fish paste

 Mean ± SD

124.4 ± 12.3

125.4 ± 11.3

 Unadjusted MD (95% CI)

−0.92 (−1.60 to −0.24)

0

 Adjusted MD (95% CI)

−0.44 (−1.36–0.49)

0

Liver paste

 Mean ± SD

124.6 ± 12.6

125.4 ± 11.3

 Unadjusted MD (95% CI)

−0.81 (−1.74–0.12)

0

 Adjusted MD (95% CI)

−0.03 (−0.96–0.89)

0

Animal blood

 Mean ± SD

124.9 ± 12.4

125.4 ± 11.3

 Unadjusted MD (95% CI)

−0.47 (−1.32–0.40)

0

 Adjusted MD (95% CI)

−0.12 (−0.98–0.73)

0

Ground meat/soy product

 Mean ± SD

123.8 ± 12.6

125.4 ± 11.3

 Unadjusted MD (95% CI)

−1.64 (−2.56 to −0.72)

0

 Adjusted MD (95% CI)

−1.26 (−2.18 to −0.34)

0

  1. MD, mean difference; CI: confidence interval.
  2. MD was adjusted for child’s age, sex, birth weight and breastfeeding status, and maternal characteristics (age at delivery, education, occupation, folic acid supplementation, BMI, hemoglobin in early pregnancy, parity and caesarean section).