Figure 3

T-cell responses in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) at time of euthanasia or on day 7 post-challenge with wild-type A/Viet Nam/1203/2004 (H5N1). (A) Total cell infiltrate in the BALF. (B) Total number of lymphocytes in the BALF. (C) Flow plots showing the lymphocyte gates with the population frequency as indicated for each ferret, described in Fig. 1. This value was used to derive the absolute numbers in (B). (D) Flow plots to identify CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T-cells in the BALF, with the respective frequencies as indicated. (E) Percentages and (F) absolute cell numbers of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T-cells in the BALF. All data are presented as group means and error bars represent ± standard deviation. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 by Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by Dunn’s multiple comparison tests. Individual ferrets are assigned its respective symbol within its vaccine group (colored as ○ for naïve, ● for unadjuvanted, for MF59 and for AS03).