Figure 2: Parameterisations of the relationships between the annual maximum soil frost depth and(a) emergence ratio of volunteer potatoes, (b) snowmelt water infiltration ratio to soil, and (c) nitrate retention ratio at the surface soil.
From: Optimum soil frost depth to alleviate climate change effects in cold region agriculture

Solid line indicates the predicted value with 95% confidence interval. See also Supplementary Tables 1, 2, and 3.