Figure 5: Schisandrin A stimulates STAT1 and STAT2 phosphorylation.

(A) Accumulation of phosphorylated STAT1 and STAT2 levels upon schisandrin A. DENV-infected Huh-7 cells were treated with 0 or 40 μM of schisandrin A for 0, 24, or 36 h. STAT1 and STAT 2 phosphorylation (P-STAT1 and P-STAT2) was analyzed by Western blotting with anti-phosphorylated STAT1 and STAT2 antibodies. The total STAT1 and STAT2 level (T-STAT1 and T-STAT2) were determined by anti-STAT1 and STAT2 antibodies. The band intensities were quantified by densitometry, and the fold-change that was relative to schisandrin A-untreated control (defined as 1) at different time points was normalized by GAPDH protein level. (B) STAT1 and STAT2 silencing restored the inhibitory effect of schisandrin A on DENV replication. Huh-7 cells were transfected with different amounts of shRNA against STAT1, STAT2 (0.5 μg), or eGFP (0.5 μg), followed by DENV infection and schisandrin A treatment. DENV, STAT1, and STAT 2 protein levels were analyzed by Western blotting.