Table 1 Characteristics of studies included in the network meta-analysis.

From: Comparison for Efficacy and Tolerability among Ten Drugs for Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease: A Network Meta-Analysis

Study

Size

Male

Blind*

Follow-up (months)

Age>

Early/Advanced PD

Intervention

Dosage

Adler 1997

241

62.2%

2

6

62.8

Early

Ropinirole vs. Placebo

15.7 mg/d

Ahlskog 1988

49

71.4%

2

6

50.0

Advanced

Pergolide vs. Placebo

0.75 mg/d

Ahlskog 1996

27

74.1%

2

6

63.9

Early/Advanced

Cabergoline vs. Placebo

5 mg/d

Allain 1993

93

53.8%

2

3

65.0

Early

Selegiline vs. Placebo

10 mg/d

Antonini 2015

349

56.2%

2

4.8

67.5

Early/Advanced

Rotigotine vs. Placebo

12 mg/d

Barone 2007

624

62.0%

2

10

64.6

Advanced

Ropinirole vs. Placebo

18 mg/d

Barone 2010

296

47.3%

2

3

67.0

Early

Pramipexole vs. Placebo

2.18 mg/d

Barone 2015

123

52.8%

2

3

66.0

Early

Rasagiline vs. Placebo

1 mg/d

Blindeauer 2003

242

63.6%

2

2.8

61.3

Early

Rotigotine vs. Placebo

4.5, 9, 13.5, 18 mg

Bracco 2004

419

51.0%

2

60

61.4

Early

Cabergoline vs. Levodopa

2.85 mg/d vs 784 mg/d

Brooks 1998

63

51.0%

2

3

58.3

Early/Advanced

Ropinirole vs. Placebo

6.54 mg/d

Brunt 2002

206

59.6%

2

6

65.8

Advanced

Ropinirole vs. Bromocriptine

9, 10, 14 mg/d vs 18, 19, 24 mg/d

Caraceni 2001

473

52.0%

0

34

63.3

Early/Advanced

Levodopa vs. Bromocriptine vs. Selegiline

750 mg/d vs 60 mgd vs 10 mg/d

Giladi 2007

561

57.7%

2

9.3

61.2

Early

Rotigotine vs. Ropinirole vs. Placebo

8 mg/d vs 14.1 mg/d

Golbe 1988

96

—

2

1.5

62.4

Advanced

Selegiline vs. Placebo

10 mg/d

Grosset 2005

106

67.0%

2

17.3

61.0

Early

Pergolide vs. Placebo

0.05 mg/d

Guttman 1997

246

63.4%

2

9

62.7

Advanced

Pramipexole vs. Bromocriptine vs. Placebo

3.36 mg/d vs 22.64 mg/d

Hanagasi 2011

48

68.8%

2

3

66.4

Early

Rasagiline vs. Placebo

1 mg/d

Hauser 2007

69

58.0%

2

120

62.1

Early

Ropinirole vs. Levodopa

14.5 mg/d vs 800.2 mg/d

Hauser 2010

259

55.6%

2

4.5

62.1

Early

Pramipexole vs. Placebo

1.37, 1.39 mg/d

Hauser 2014

326

68.0%

2

4.5

62.6

Early

Rasagiline vs. Placebo

1 mg/d

Hauser 2015

778

56.0%

2

3

63.3

Advanced

Rasagiline vs. Placebo

1 mg/d

Hely 1994

126

55.6%

2

60

62.0

Early

Bromocriptine vs. Levodopa

31 mg/d vs 427 mg/d

Holloway 2000

301

64.8%

2

23.5

61.2

Early

Pramipexole vs. Levodopa

1.5 mg/d vs 300 mg/d

Holloway 2004

183

64.5%

2

48

60.9

Early

Pramipexole vs. Levodopa

1.5 mg/d vs 300 mg/d

Holloway 2009

301

61.7%

0

72

60.2

Early

Pramipexole vs. Levodopa

3 mg/d vs 450 mg/d

Hubble 1995

55

63.6%

2

2.25

63.3

Early

Pramipexole vs. Placebo

0.3–4.5 mg/d

Hutton 1996

188

66.5%

2

6

63.4

Early/Advanced

Cabergoline vs. Placebo

0.5–5 mg/d

Im 2003

76

54.0%

0

4

61.7

Early/Advanced

Ropinirole vs. Bromocriptine

7.9 mg/d vs 15.4 mg/d

Inzelberg 1996

44

63.6%

2

9

71.0

Early/Advanced

Cabergoline vs. Bromocriptine

3.18 mg/d vs 22.05 mg/d

Jankovic 2014

883

—

2

9

62.8

Early

Rasagiline vs. Placebo

1 mg/d

Jansen 1978

23

56.5%

2

5

59.0

Advanced

Bromocriptine vs. Placebo

71 mg/d

Kieburtz 1993

201

67.7%

2

1

63.0

Early

Lazabemide vs. Placebo

100, 200, 400 mg/d

Kieburtz 1996

321

71.2%

2

13

64.1

Early

Lazabemide vs. Placebo

23, 50, 100, 200 mg/d

Kieburtz 1997

264

64.4%

2

2.5

61.7

Early

Pramipexole vs. Placebo

1.5, 3, 4.5, 6 mg/d

Kieburtz 2011

311

66.6%

2

3

62.8

Early

Pramipexole vs. Placebo

0.50 mg tid, 0.50, 0.75 mg bid

Kim 2015

48

50.0%

2

0.2

24.0

Healthy

Rotigotine vs. Placebo

2&4 mg/d

Koller 1993

376

—

2

3

—

Early

Selegiline vs. Placebo

10 mg/d

Kulisevsky 1998

20

35.0%

0

6

65.7

Early/Advanced

Pergolide vs. Levodopa

2.8 mg/d vs 435 mg/d

Kulisevsky 2000

20

35.0%

0

6

65.7

Early

Pergolide vs. Levodopa

2.8 mg/d vs 435 mg/d

Larsen 1999

163

—

2

60

55.0

Early

Selegiline vs. Placebo

10 mg/d

LeWitt 2007

349

63.9%

2

7.5

65.0

Advanced

Rotigotine vs. Placebo

7.16, 9.51 mg/d

Lieberman 1997

360

65.0%

2

8

63.3

Advanced

Pramipexole vs. Placebo

2.44 mg/d

Lieberman 1998

149

—

2

6

—

Early/Advanced

Ropinirole vs. Placebo

15.75 mg/d

Lim 2015

30

53.3%

2

3

67.2

Advanced

Rasagiline vs. Placebo

1 mg/d

Mally 1995

20

65.0%

2

1.5

62.5

Early/Advanced

Selegiline vs. Placebo

10 mg/d

Marek 2002

82

62.6%

2

46

61.0

Early

Pramipexole vs. Levodopa

1.5 mg/d vs 300 mg/d

Maier Hoehn 1985

36

75.0%

2

10

62.9

Early/Advanced

Bromocriptine vs. Placebo

1.25–20 mg/d

Mendzelevski 2014

247

46.8%

2

0.3

21.0

Healthy

Rasagiline vs. Placebo

1, 2, 6 mg/d

Mizuno 2003

315

52.7%

2

3

64.6

Advanced

Pramipexole vs. Bromocriptine vs. Placebo

3.24 mg/d vs 17.75 mg/d

Mizuno 2007

241

44.4%

2

4

65.0

Advanced

Ropinirole vs. Placebo

7.12 mg/d

Mizuno 2013

176

39.8%

2

3.8

66.0

Early

Rotigotine vs. Placebo

12.8 mg/d

Mizuno 2014

420

41.3%

2

5

65.0

Advanced

Rotigotine vs. Ropinirole vs. Placebo

12.9 mg/d vs 9.2 mg/d

Moller 2005

354

65.0%

2

7.8

64.0

Advanced

Pramipexole vs. Placebo

3.7 mg/d

Myllyla 1995

44

47.7%

2

24

60.7

Early/Advanced

Selegiline vs. Placebo

10 mg/d

Myllyla 1997

44

48.8%

2

60

60.7

Early/Advanced

Selegiline vs. Placebo

10 mg/d

Navan 2003

10

60.0%

2

4 h

65.3

Early

Pramipexole vs. Pergolide vs. Placebo

0.5 mg vs 0.5 mg

Navan 2003

30

63.3%

2

3

69.0

Early/Advanced

Pramipexole vs. Pergolide vs. Placebo

4.5 mg/d vs 4.5 mg/d

Nicholas 2014

514

69.8%

2

4

64.5

Advanced

Rotigotine vs. Placebo

2, 4, 6, 8 mg/d

Nomoto 2014

174

44.8%

2

4.8

67.0

Advanced

Rotigotine vs. Placebo

16 mg/d

Oertel 2006

294

56.8%

2

36

58.9

Early

Pergolide vs. Levodopa

3.23 mg/d vs 504 mg/d

Olanow 1994

376

63.6%

2

6

63.0

Advanced

Pergolide vs. Placebo

2.94 mg/d

Olanow 1995

101

68.3%

2

14

66.2

Early

Selegiline vs. Levodopa vs. Bromocriptine vs. Placebo

10 mg/d vs 400 mg/d vs 28 mg/d

Olanow 2009

1176

61.1%

2

9

62.2

Early/Advanced

Rasagiline vs. Placebo

1, 2 mg/d

Pahwa 2007

393

62.9%

2

6

66.2

Advanced

Ropinirole vs. Placebo

18.8 mg/d

Pahwa 2014

381

55.6%

2

7.5

65.0

Early

Levodopa vs. Placebo

145, 245, 390 mg tid

Palhagen 1998

157

59.3%

2

6

63.7

Early

Selegiline vs. Placebo

10 mg/d

Parkinson Study Group 1994

137

66.4%

2

1

67.0

Early

Lazabemide vs. Placebo

100, 200, 400 mg/d

Pinter 1999

78

65.4%

2

2.8

60.1

Advanced

Pramipexole vs. Placebo

3.59 mg/d

Poewe 2007

506

62.9%

2

6.8

64.0

Advanced

Pramipexole vs. Rotigotine vs. Placebo

3.1 mg/d vs 12.95 mg/d

Poewe 2011

539

55.5%

2

8.3

62.0

Early

Pramipexole vs. Placebo

2.9 mg/d

Poewe 2015

174

57.5%

2

12

65.0

Early

Rasagiline vs. Placebo

1 mg/d

Pogarell 2002

84

72.3%

2

3

63.6

Early/Advanced

Pramipexole vs. Placebo

4.1 mg/d

Presthus 1983

38

52.6%

2

1

65.8

Early/Advanced

Selegiline vs. Placebo

5 mg/d

Rabey 2000

70

55.7%

2

3

57.0

Early/Advanced

Rasagiline vs. Placebo

0.5, 1, 2 mg/d

Rascol 1996

46

60.9%

2

3

62.5

Early/Advanced

Ropinirole vs. Placebo

3.3 mg/d

Rascol 1998

268

61.2%

2

6

63.0

Early

Ropinirole vs. Levodopa

9.7 mg/d vs 464.0 mg/d

Rascol 2000

268

61.6%

2

60

63.0

Early

Ropinirole vs. Levodopa

16.5 mg/d vs 753 mg/d

Rascol 2005

460

62.2%

2

4.5

64.3

Early/Advanced

Rasagiline vs. Placebo

1 mg/d

Rascol 2015

68

52.9%

2

3

65.9

Advanced

Rotigotine vs. Placebo

14.7 mg/d

Rektorova 2003

41

61.0%

2

8

61.5

Advanced

Pramipexole vs. Pergolide

2.7 mg/d vs 3.0 mg/d

Rinne 1998

412

48.5%

2

6

61.5

Early

Cabergoline vs. Levodopa

3 mg/d vs 500 mg/d

Sampaio 2011

225

58.2%

2

6

61.8

Early

Pramipexole vs. Placebo

2.25 mg/d

Schapira 2011

507

54.9%

2

4.5

61.5

Advanced

Pramipexole vs. Placebo

2.7, 2.8 mg/d

Schiwid 2005

472

64.6%

2

6.5

63.3

Early

Rasagiline vs. Placebo

0.5, 1.0 mg/d

Sethi 1998

147

62.6%

2

12

62.0

Early

Ropinirole vs. Placebo

17.9 mg/d

Shannon 1997

335

60.6%

2

6

62.7

Early

Pramipexole vs. Placebo

3.8 mg/d

Siderowf 2002

404

63.6%

2

6.5

60.8

Early

Rasagiline vs. Placebo

1, 2 mg/d

Singer 2007

405

62.0%

2

10

65.0

Early

Ropinirole vs. Placebo

12.4 mg/d

Smith 2015

191

—

2

9

61.2

Early

Rasagiline vs. Placebo

1–2 mg/d

Steiger 1996

37

—

2

3

62.1

Early/Advanced

Cabergoline vs. Placebo

5.4 mg/d

Stern 2004

56

67.9%

2

2.5

61.5

Early

Rasagiline vs. Placebo

1, 2, 4 mg/d

Stocchi 2008

161

54.0%

2

5

60.3

Early

Ropinirole vs. Ropinirole

8.9 mg/d vs 18.6 mg/d

Stocchi 2011

69

69.6%

2

4.5

64.2

Early/Advanced

Rasagiline vs. Placebo

1 mg/d

Storch 2013

35

68.6%

1

3

61.7

Early

Cabergoline vs. Levodopa

3 mg/d vs 300 mg/d

Tanner 2007

144

65.0%

2

2.5

65.0

Advanced

Pramipexole vs. Placebo

4.5 mg/d

Tetrud 1989

54

68.5%

2

36

61.0

Early

Selegiline vs. Placebo

10 mg/d

Thomas 2006

52

55.8%

2

24

56.2

Early

Ropinirole vs. Pramipexole

15 mg/d vs 521 mg/d

Timmermann 2015

346

61.7%

2

6

67.0

Early

Rotigotine vs. Placebo

8.5 m/d

Toyokur 1985

222

49.1%

2

2

63.0

Early/Advanced

Bromocriptine vs. Placebo

2.5 mg/d

Trenkwalder 2011

287

64.1%

2

2

64.7

Early/Advanced

Rotigotine vs. Placebo

16 mg/d

Utsumi 2012

91

47.3%

0

60

62.0

Early

Cabergoline vs. Levodopa

2.9 mg/d vs 325 mg/d

Viallet 2013

109

62.4%

2

3.8

62.6

Early

Rasagiline vs. Pramipexole

1 mg/d vs 1.5 mg/d

Waters 2004

140

63.6%

2

3

65.3

Early/Advanced

Selegiline vs. Placebo

1.875 mg/d

Weintraub 2016

170

78.0%

2

6

67.5

Early

Rasagiline vs. Placebo

1 mg/d

Wermuth 1998

69

58.0%

2

2.8

62.1

Advanced

Pramipexole vs. Placebo

5 mg/d

Whone 2003

162

67.3%

2

24

60.5

Early

Ropinirole vs. Levodopa

12.2 mg/d vs 558.7 mg/d

Wong 2003

150

69.3%

2

3.8

60.0

Early/Advanced

Pramipexole vs. Placebo

2.44 mg/d

Zhang 2013

219

59.8%

2

3

61.6

Early/Advanced

Rasagiline vs. Placebo

1 mg/d

Zhang 2014

345

64.1%

2

6

63.9

Advanced

Ropinirole vs. Placebo

11.4 mg/d

  1. *Blind: 0, open label; 1, single blind; 2, double blind. Abbreviation: PD, Parkinson’s disease
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