Table 3 Comparison of conjunctival hemodynamic descriptors in arterioles between C and DR subjects in unadjusted (Model 1) and adjusted (Model 2) models.

From: Assessment of Conjunctival Microvascular Hemodynamics in Stages of Diabetic Microvasculopathy

 

D (μm)

V (mm/s)

Q (pl/s)

WSR (s−1)

WSS (dyne/cm2)

β

P

β

P

β

P

β

P

β

P

Intercept

18

<0.001

0.69

<0.001

144

<0.001

278

<0.001

8.6

<0.001

Model 1: DR Stage Effect*

C

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

NDR

0.7

0.5

−0.16

<0.001

−21

0.3

−87

<0.001

−3.2

<0.001

NPDR

0.7

0.4

−0.07

0.2

−6

0.8

−47

0.04

−2.4

0.01

PDR

0.4

0.7

−0.04

0.4

8

0.7

−32

0.2

−1.8

0.05

Intercept

21

<0.001

0.98

<0.001

575

<0.001

755

<0.001

19.3

<0.001

Model 2: DR Stage Effect**

C

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

NDR

0.1

0.9

−0.11

0.01

−16

0.4

−60

<0.001

−2.2

<0.001

NPDR

0.8

0.4

0.02

0.7

14

0.5

−15

0.5

−1.1

0.2

PDR

0.9

0.4

0.00

0.1

13

0.6

−18

0.4

−0.9

0.3

  1. C, NDR, NPDR, and PDR are abbreviations for non-diabetic control, no clinically visible diabetic retinopathy, non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and proliferative diabetic retinopathy, respectively. D, V, Q, WSR, and WSS are abbreviations for diameter, axial blood velocity, blood flow, wall shear rate and wall shear stress, respectively. Bold indicates statistical significance.
  2. *Unadjusted.
  3. **Adjusted for age, race, sex, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, hematocrit, and hemoglobin A1C.
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