Figure 1: DFS suppresses the β-catenin signaling pathway.

The structure of DFS (A). TOPFlash or FOPFlash reporter expressed HEK293 cells were treated with the indicated concentrations of DFS in the presence of Wnt3a (B) or LiCl (C) for 16 h and TOPFlash activity was measured. SW480 and HCT116 colon cancer cells were transiently transfected with the TOPFlash plasmid and treated with the indicated concentrations of DFS for 16 h, TOPFlash activity was measured (D).