Table 2 Risk factors for 30-day mortality from the development cohort: bivariate analysis.

From: Development and validation of a prognostic model for predicting 30-day mortality risk in medical patients in emergency department (ED)

Risk factor

Unit

Hazard ratio (95% CI)

P-value

Gender

Man

1.56 (1.15–2.10)

0.004

Age (years)

+10

1.06 (0.97–1.16)

0.188

Pulse (per min)

+10

1.17 (1.10–1.24)

<0.001

Body temperature (°C)

+1

1.38 (1.18–1.61)

<0.001

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

−5

1.03 (1.0–1.05)

0.043

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

−5

1.03 (0.99–1.08)

0.135

Respiratory rate (breaths/min)

+5

1.44 (1.32–1.57)

<0.001

Peripheral oxygen saturation (%)

−5

1.57 (1.47–1.68)

<0.001

Duration of illness (days)

+5

0.78 (0.60–1.0)

0.053

Glasgow Coma Score

−1

1.35 (1.30–1.40)

<0.001

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Yes

16.63 (5.3–52.19)

<0.001

Mechanical ventilation

Yes

13.22 (8.63–20.26)

<0.001

Admitted intensive care unit

Yes

17.90 (13.09–24.49)

<0.001

Functional status

Independent

Yes

1.0 (reference)

 

Partially dependent

Yes

1.24 (0.78–1.97)

0.355

Completely dependent

Yes

2.38 (1.37–4.12)

0.002

Immunocompromised by agent

Yes

1.29 (0.48–3.47)

0.617

Lymphoma

Yes

3.55 (0.50–25.36)

0.206

Leukemia or myeloma

Yes

2.92 (0.93–9.16)

0.065

Cancer

Yes

2.48 (1.02–6.03)

0.046

Chronic renal failure

Yes

1.34 (0.71–2.53)

0.371

Chronic respiratory failure

Yes

2.01 (1.25–3.24)

0.004

Cirrhosis with ascites

Yes

2.02 (1.07–3.83)

0.031

Heart failure

Yes

2.55 (1.66–3.92)

<0.001

Diabetes mellitus

Yes

1.47 (1.09–1.99)

0.012

Haemoglobin (g/dL)

−1

1.06 (1.0–1.12)

0.049

Leukocyte (x 103/μL)

+1

1.01 (1.0–1.02)

<0.001

Platelet (x 103/ μL)

−10

1.03 (1.02–1.05)

<0.001

Serum urea (mmol/L)

+5

1.16 (1.10–1.21)

<0.001

Glycaemia (mmol/L)

+5

1.30 (1.20–1.42)

<0.001

Serum creatinine (μmol/L)

+20

1.01 (1.01–1.02)

0.003

Serum albumin (g/L)

−5

1.34 (1.22–1.48)

<0.001

AST (UI/L)

+20

1.008 (1.005–1.012)

<0.001

ALT (UI/L)

+20

1.02 (1.02–1.03)

<0.001

hsCRP (mg/dL)

+5

1.37 (1.25–1.49)

<0.001

A1c (%)

+1

1.07 (1.0–1.15)

0.058

  1. AST, aspartate aminotransferase. ALT, alanine aminotransferase. hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. A1c, glycated haemoglobin.
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