Box 1 Criteria for diagnosing addiction (abuse/dependence)
DSM-5 | DSM-IV | |
Failure to fulfill major role obligations | ✓ | ✓ (abuse) |
Recurring use in hazardous situations | ✓ | ✓ (abuse) |
Use despite interpersonal problems | ✓ | ✓ (abuse) |
Use despite recurring legal problems | x | ✓ (abuse) |
Tolerance | ✓ (dependence) | |
Withdrawal | ✓ (dependence) | |
Using more or longer than intended | ✓ | ✓ (dependence) |
Giving up important activities to use | ✓ | ✓ (dependence) |
Spending a lot of time using | ✓ | ✓ (dependence) |
Use despite recurring physical/psychological problems | ✓ | ✓ (dependence) |
Persistent, failed quit attempts | ✓ | ✓ (dependence) |
Craving—strong urge or desire to use drug | ✓ | × |
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-IV: | ||
Abuse—1 or more of 4 criteria. | ||
Dependence—3 or more of 7 criteria occurring in the same 12-month period. | ||
DSM-5 (proposed: dsm5.org) | ||
Substance use disorder: | ||
Unaffected—0 or 1 of 11 criteria. | ||
Moderately affected—2 to 3 of 11 criteria occurring in the same 12-month period. | ||
Severely affected—4 or more of 11 criteria occurring in the same 12-month period. |
