Table 1 Description of populations’ features

From: Increased M1/decreased M2 signature and signs of Th1/Th2 shift in chronic patients with bipolar disorder, but not in those with schizophrenia

 

Controls (N=20)

Schizoprenia (N=20)

Bipolar disorder (N=20)

P

Years

36.6±7.69

39.75±7.86

42.45±6.58

0.051

Females/males

11/9

6/14

13/7

0.074

Ethnic group

Caucasian

Caucasian

Caucasian

 

Smoking (n/y)

17/3

11/9

8/11

0.018

BMI

23.66±3.13

26.85±6.20

26.85±4.15

0.054

Age of onset

25.45±6.57

27.44±6.13

0.318

Length of illness (years)

14.7±9.4

14.56±6.43

0.714

Hospitalizations (n)

3.75±5.56

5.32±7.07

0.557

Chlorpromazine equivalent

237.04

50.5

0.002

Antipsychotic lifetime (years)

10.42±8.36

5.91±7.03

0.061

Mood stabilizer lifetime (years)

8.54±5.21

 

GAF

82.25±4.85

45±11.49

58.79±13.67

0.0001

BPRS

    

 Total

45.83±12.03

32.22±5.83

0.006

 Anxiety and depression

11.93±5.12

11±4.00

0.813

 Negative symptoms

12.7±4.82

7.44±0.73

0.0005

 Positive symptoms

12.75±6.07

8.4±6.35

0.026

 Mania

12.75±3.99

10.22±1.99

0.077

BRMRS

2.95±5.2

 

HDRS (21 items)

14.21±11.78

 
  1. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; BPRS, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; BRMRS, Bech–Rafaelsen Mania Rating Scale; GAF, global assessment of functioning; HDRS, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; n/y, no/yes.