Figure 2

Results of dynamic casual modeling (DCM) model selection for bipolar disorder (BD) patients, resilient relatives and healthy individuals. (a) Optimal DCM model selection for the face affect paradigm. The models comprised a four-area DCM specified with bidirectional endogenous connections between the inferior occipital gyrus (IOG), fusiform gyrus (FG), amygdala (AMG) and ventral prefrontal cortex (VPFC), with a driving input of all faces into the IOG. Bold black arrows represent where facial affect modulation (corresponding to fearful, angry and sad faces) was placed in the winning model for each group. (b) Optimal DCM model selection for the working memory paradigm. The models compromised an eight-area DCM specified with bidirectional endogenous connections among the left IOG (lIOG) and right IOG (rIOG), the left parietal cortex (lPAR) and right PAR (rPAR), the left anterior cingulate cortex (lACC) and right ACC (rACC), the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (lDLPFC) and right DLPFC (rDLPFC), with a driving input of 1-, 2-, 3-back into the lIOG and rIOG. Bold black arrows represent where 3-back modulation was placed in the winning model for each group.