Table 1 Demographic, clinical and behavioral data

From: Connectomic markers of disease expression, genetic risk and resilience in bipolar disorder

 

Patients with bipolar disorder (n=41)

Unrelated healthy controls (n=46)

Resilient relatives (n=25)

Demographic variables

 Age

44.3 (11.9)

40.3 (13.2)

39.7 (13.7)

 Sex (male/female)

20/21

25/21

13/12

 IQ

117.9 (17.9)

112.6 (14.5)

115.8 (18.5)

Clinical variables

 HDRS total scorea

4.8 (5.3)

0.1 (0.5)

0.14 (0.4)

 YMRS total scorea

1.4 (3.0)

0.2 (0.6)

0.0 (0.0)

 BPRS total scorea

27.5 (4.0)

24.3 (0.7)

24.1 (0.4)

 Age of onset (years)

24.7 (8.0)

—

—

 Duration of illness (years)

20.2 (10.5)

—

—

 Depressive episodes (n)

5.7 (7.5)

—

—

 Manic episodes (n)

5.6 (7.7)

—

—

 GAF

75 (14.9)

  

Facial affect-recognition task performance

 Accuracy (%)

90.3 (4.1)

93.1 (4.8)

90.1 (5.2)

 Response time (s)b

1.4 (0.20)

1.10 (0.24)

1.09 (0.14)

Working memory task performance

 3-Back accuracy (%)c

68.9 (26.7)

72.1 (25.1)

90.1 (15.4)

 3-Back response time (s)

0.86 (0.34)

0.87 (0.45)

0.73 (0.22)

  1. Abbreviations: BPRS, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; GAF, Global Assessment of Functioning; HDRS, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; n, number; s, seconds; YMRS, Young Mania Rating Scale.
  2. Unless otherwise indicated, data are expressed as mean (s.d.).
  3. aScores for patients are significantly greater than those of both other groups (P<0.019).
  4. bPatients had longer mean response times compared with both other groups (P<0.009).
  5. cRelatives showed higher accuracy scores compared with both other groups (P<0.003).
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