Figure 4
From: Brain antibodies in the cortex and blood of people with schizophrenia and controls
Plasma brain-reactive antibodies from a live patient cohort of people with schizophrenia (n=94) and controls (n=72) resulted in six different patterns of fluorescence (green) when applied to the primate cerebellar tissue of the Euroimmun Indirect Immunofluorescence Test: equivalent intensity in Purkinje neurons and molecular and granular layers (29%, 48/166) (a) low Purkinje neuron intensity (34%, 56/166) (b), distinctive blood vessels (6%, 10/166) (c), bright ring around Purkinkje neurons with fibers throughout (14%, 23/166) (d), bright Purkinje neurons with punctate molecular layer cells (10%, 17/166) (e) and granular layer cells and bright molecular layer (7%, 12/166) (f). Images taken at 20x magnification. Scale bars are 50μm. Antibody fluorescence intensity was lower in people with schizophrenia than controls, t(128.6)=−2.377, P=0.019 when adjusted for unequal variance (Levene’s test: F(1,164)=5.877, P=0.016) as denoted by asterisk (g). Solid horizontal bars represent group means. Dashed line indicates the average IgG intensity across the no plasma controls (g). Brain-reactive IgG was considered present if intensity of staining with plasma was greater than two standard deviations (dotted lines, g) above the average negative controls (dashed line; g). Arrows indicate Purkinje neurons. Mol, molecular layer; Gr, granular layer.
