Figure 4
From: Ketamine: differential neurophysiological dynamics in functional networks in the rat brain
(a) Grand-averaged auditory-evoked waveforms from the frontal right electrodes in the frequency deviants’ passive oddball paradigm with obtained after acute administration of ketamine (2.5, 5 and 10 mg kg−1) and of vehicle. (b) Peak mean amplitude of N1 component (uV) and its latency (ms) are presented for standard and deviant stimuli (n=7–8 for each pharmacological condition). Note that acute ketamine, particularly at the higher dose, enhanced amplitudes to both standard and deviant acoustic stimuli suggesting encoding and discrimination facilitation of the sound features during information processing. The horizontal lines above the bar graphs mark significance level (black color coded line for standards and red for deviants; linear mixed-model design ANOVA). (c) Phase-evoked and -induced power time-frequency maps at the frontal right electrode in response to standard and deviant stimuli.
