Table 2 Values of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors from HC and TRD subjects

From: Altered peripheral immune profiles in treatment-resistant depression: response to ketamine and prediction of treatment outcome

 

HC

TRD

Mean difference

P-value

 

Mean pg ml −1 (s.e.m.)

Mean pg ml −1 (s.e.m.)

  

IL-6

5.30 (2.07)

6.99 (2.45)

1.69

0.004**

IL-1α

66.57 (25.19)

196.79 (65.96)

130.23

0.083

IL-1β

1.54 (0.28)

5.69 (2.58)

4.15

0.119

TNF-α

5.67 (0.97)

10.71 (4.43)

5.04

0.45

EGF

75.83 (15.98)

99.80 (12.85)

23.97

0.237

Eotaxin

108.85 (9.92)

130.07 (9.20)

21.22

0.107

FGF-2

36.14 (8.35)

54.28 (12.05)

18.14

0.549

FLT3L

7.48 (3.42)

18.79 (8.72)

11.31

0.466

Fractalkine

40.39 (15.18)

136.08 (38.69)

95.69

0.073

G-CSF

33.08 (14.68)

45.52 (12.05)

12.43

0.037*

GM-CSF

13.40 (5.48)

44.66 (12.13)

31.26

0.02*

GRO

4456.84 (1145.12)

2034.05 (558.59)

−2422.79

0.153

IFN2a

22.24 (7.74)

59.71 (29.79

37.47

0.098

IFNr

43.60 (10.82)

81.43 (24.47)

37.83

0.315

IL-10

5.98 (3.08)

9.68 (5.39)

3.70

0.462

IL-12P40

53.50 (30.33)

40.81 (14.03)

−12.69

0.327

IL-12P70

4.92 (1.96)

10.92 (6.21)

6.00

0.144

IL-13

86.56 (37.40)

102.34 (32.64)

15.78

0.424

IL-15

6.27 (2.31)

8.74 (2.71)

2.47

0.559

IL-17a

11.09 (2.79)

20.51 (6.14)

9.43

0.329

Il-1ra

109.80 (53.92)

139.40 (41.91)

29.60

0.089

IL-2

3.78 (1.21)

6.80 (2.40)

3.02

0.331

IL-3

1.08 (0.08)

1.09 (0.08)

0.01

0.963

IL-4

3.14 (1.05)

10.86 (4.43)

7.71

0.199

IL-5

10.66 (4.54)

12.16 (4.06)

1.50

0.678

IL-7

5.68 (1.65)

6.48 (1.48)

0.81

0.716

IL-8

25.61 (8.15)

38.75 (8.77)

13.13

0.236

IL-9

2.76 (2.76)

3.83 (0.98)

1.07

0.316

IP-10

211.84 (21.32)

220.81 (20.05)

8.96

0.775

MCP-1

499.79 (53.26)

653.34 (58.29)

153.55

0.023*

MCP-3

72.23 (28.07)

102.22 (30.73)

29.99

0.484

MDC

835.68 (46.30)

950.18 (58.70)

114.50

0.71

Mip-1a

43.83 (29.20)

41.97 (22.64)

−1.86

0.43

Mip-1b

42.30 (12.11)

59.41 (12.73)

17.11

0.154

PDGF-AA

6384.27 (488.03)

7016.83 (424.69)

632.56

0.475

PDGF-BB

9524.58 (632.18)

11599.79 (454.07)

2075.21

0.005**

RANTES

2044.88 (204.00)

1892.45 (160.82)

−152.43

0.527

scd40L

2900.64 (411.10)

3730.59 (393.14)

829.95

0.088

TGF-α

3.73 (1.19)

10.05 (4.71)

6.31

0.175

TNF-β

155.66 (70.85)

207.64 (70.80)

51.98

0.434

VEGF

209.76 (41.59)

289.16 (50.67)

79.40

0.086

  1. Abbreviations: CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; FGF-2, fibroblast growth factor 2; HC, healthy control; IL, interleukin; TRD, treatment-resistant depression.
  2. All concentrations are presented as pg ml−1. Mean difference is calculated as raw difference of means with a positive value indicating higher levels in TRD (TRD–HC). P-values are derived from regression analyses of log-transformed data. *P<0.05; **P<0.01.
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