Figure 1

Simplified overview of the NFκB pathway highlighting the genes that were studied. Polymorphisms in genes associated or not associated with response to anti-TNF therapy among patients with IBD are written in white and red, respectively. Genes not studied are written in black. Increased gene/protein activity was associated with beneficial response (green) or nonresponse (purple). The biological effect was unclear (TLR4, TLR9, NIK) or showed opposite direction of effect among patients with CD and UC (MD-2) (blue). A significant association was only seen in CD14 and IL-1RA (inhibitor of IL-1β signaling) among patients with UC. CD, Crohn’s disease; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; UC, ulcerative colitis.