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In South America, El Niño increase flood and droughts chances by over 120%, while La Niña increases flood chances by over 120% and drought chances by over 80% in inland areas, as revealed through a multi-decadal streamflow observation dataset.
Microplastic entering forest soil primarily originates from atmospheric deposition and litter fall, suggesting high diffuse input of microplastics in forest ecosystems, according to an analysis of soil samples from four forest sites in Darmstadt, Germany.
Combined effects of multiple global changes – warming, elevated carbon dioxide, increased precipitation, increased nitrogen supply and fire – on denitrification are underestimated, according to a long-term, in-situ global change experiment in the Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve, USA.
The seasonally vanishing Indian Ocean Equatorial Undercurrent can re-emerge in boreal summer under enhanced wind-thermocline coupling due to a rare summer-peaking Indian Ocean Dipole, according to analysis of mooring data and wave dynamics
A portion of Brazilian soy and beef exports to China and the EU rely on river basins with high or critical water scarcity, emphasising the need for multi-indicator assessments to guide decisions towards sustainable production and supply chains, according to an analysis of water use with deforestation and greenhouse gas emissions during 2015–2017.
Selective logging causes spatial variations in fuel moisture of the Brazilian forests, but the easy with which fuels catch and sustain fires steadily increase as the dry season advances, based on an assessment of a controlled fire experiment during the dry season.
Leaf-level spectral reflectance is associated with the expression of genes related to ecological functions, suggesting large-scale prediction of gene expression, as revealed by hyperspectral data and bioinformatic analysis of two maple species.
Combining field and laboratory experiments with autonomous monitoring can provide a comprehensive framework for more effective landslide hazard prediction, as revealed by a monitoring system that continuously records relevant soil and environmental parameters.
Media reports that inaccurately show good air quality reduce individuals’ perception of pollution, leading to more travel that affects air quality, according to an analysis that uses data on media reports, behavior experiments, and agent-based modeling.
Meltwater plays a critical role in enhancing biogeochemical control of partial pressure of carbon dioxide in Arctic coastal systems by reducing buffer capacity and increasing sensitivity to biological activity and acidification, as demonstrated through a controlled mixing experiment and carbonate system modeling in a Greenlandic fjord.
Recombined flood scenarios can exceed the historical events’ damage severity and reveal the critical role of timing between precipitation and catchment conditions, according to a perfect storm approach generating plausible extreme events by recombining historically observed precipitation and soil moisture in an analysis of major floods in Germany.
Injection of acidic chelating agents into fractured peridotite increased permeability by 21-fold within 20 minutes, significantly enhancing CO2 mineralization potential in a designed two-stage system, enabling both in-situ and ex-situ carbonation.
Other factors in addition to volcanism might have contributed to carbon cycle disturbances during the late Paleozoic ice age, according to results from high-resolution carbon and mercury isotope analyses of late Gzhelian to early Kungurian sediments from the North China Craton.
Microbiomes in connected aquifers are more vulnerable to surface disturbances but highly resilient, while those in hydrologically more isolated aquifers resist short-term change yet lose stability under prolonged stress, according to a decade-long study in the Hainich CZE, Germany.
Future Amazon dieback could occur during the 21st century, triggered by local annual surface air temperatures above 32.2 °C and precipitation below 1394.3 mm per year, and exacerbated by land-use change, according to an analysis of Earth System Model projections under different levels of warming
The seasonal lake dynamics in sub-Sahelian Africa are shaped by climate and human activities, revealing shared ecological vulnerabilities, according to a climatological analysis of 137 lakes.
Changes in the Pacific sea surface temperature gradient caused precipitation to shift eastward for centuries in the South Pacific, and probably influenced Polynesian migration and settlement patterns, according to hydroclimate reconstructions from Tahiti and Nuku Hiva, French Polynesia.
Peatland pyrogenic carbon from past fires in the Amazon plays a key role in the global carbon budget, accounting for 1.6% of the total organic carbon in Amazonian peatlands, based on an analysis of six cores from northwestern Amazonian peatlands using hydrogen pyrolysis.
