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Positive glacial regulatory processes could mitigate approximately 236–255 gigatonnes of glacier water loss across High Mountain Asia in the 21st century, representing about 9%–13% of total mass loss, according to glacier water balance modelling.
Variations in shield-derived sediment influx and weathering extent affect the Nd isotopic composition of North Atlantic seawater and seafloor sediments, according to Nd isotopic data from southwest Greenland.
The Antarctic ice sheet during the late Oligocene (26.2–25.2 million years ago) was highly dynamic, alternating between near-modern size during glacial periods and smaller volumes during interglacials, driven by orbitally-paced climate variations, according to a high-resolution multi-proxy record.
Riverine dissolved organic matter input and subsequent new particle formation is a major source of Arctic aerosol which has been largely overlooked, according to analysis of atmospheric particle number size distributions from Tiksi, Russia.
Anthropogenic Cd contributes at least 19%, and possibly more than 45%, of the dissolved Cd in surface water of the western tropical Atlantic Ocean, according to a box model based on measured seawater profiles of Cd concentrations and isotopic compositions.
Green mining policies cut coal production emissions by 43.6 million tons annually across China’s coal bases, as shown by interrupted time series analysis linking policy intensity to emission trends from 2004–2021.
Measurements of lead isotopes from 3 billion year old low-titanium lunar basalts reveal a unique enriched mantle source, distinct from KREEP, which likely formed after the crystallisation of the lunar magma ocean via deep crust-breaking impacts
Reduced sulfate aerosols due to ship fuel regulation may increase shortwave radiation on the Great Barrier Reef, exacerbating the impact of marine heatwaves on coral bleaching, according to model analysis of ship emission impacts on aerosols, clouds and solar radiation.
Salisbury Plain detrital zircon ages align with southern British rocks from the London Basin, indicating local sedimentary recycling without glaciogenic evidence, negating glacial transport of the Stonehenge blocks, according to detrital zircon and apatite U-Pb isotopic fingerprinting of stream sediments across the Salisbury Plain.
A partially molten sill-complex structure is found within the slowly crystallizing and tectonically quiet magma reservoir beneath Valles Caldera using anisotropic Rayleigh and Love wave tomography.
Zinc isotope data from Chang’e-5 lunar basalt samples records early impact driven volatile depletion, whereas soil samples primarily record late-stage volcanic degassing, with only limited space-weathering modification.
Oblique spreading at slow to ultraslow rates fosters asymmetric growth of the ocean floor and leads to spontaneous formation of orthogonal ridge segments and new transform faults, according to thermomechanical simulations.
Geomagnetic reversals can be longer than previously thought, according to a high-resolution sedimentary record from the Eocene collected in the Atlantic reveals.
Seawater cerium (III) forms mononuclear complexes in vernadite from global ferromanganese crusts and is oxidized to cerium (IV) during hydrolysis, as shown by atomic-scale analysis and quantum calculations. This leads to strong Ce isotope fractionation.
Anthropogenic warming reorganises North Atlantic atmospheric circulation patterns, producing a shift towards more positive North Atlantic Oscillation phases, according to analysis of climate model simulations.
Circular devices extend use by 40% and cut individual carbon footprint by 34%. A stock-and-flow model using survey data and lifetime estimates shows that at 25% adoption, manufacturing demand and emissions dropped 15% and 14%, and by one-third if reuse becomes the norm.
Coral tissue depth is influenced by environmental stressors, directly impacting skeletal extension and calcification; it may therefore be used as a proxy for past coral health, according to analysis of a coral core from Barbados.
Despite the 2023–2024 El Niño being weaker than 1997–1998, it resulted in the highest detrended sea level anomaly recorded across African coasts, indicating nonlinear ocean response to warming, based on satellite data from 1993 to 2024.
Combined degassing from mid-ocean ridges and continental rifts outweigh volcanic arc emissions before 50 Ma, according to thermodynamic modelling coupled to tectonic reconstructions of carbon reservoir fluxes analysis.
Regional climate signals of the Heinrich Stadials during the last glacial period differed between the West Mediterranean, West Africa and West-Central Africa, primarily driven by the distribution of hydroclimate changes and wind activities, based on proxy data and climate model simulations.
