Volume 21 Issue 12, December 2025

Biallelic loss-of-function mutations in PLD4, as identified in five patients with SLE, lead to Toll-like receptor-driven hyperactivation of type I interferon, immune cell expansion and autoimmunity.

In a phase III placebo-controlled trial, the addition of telitacicept to standard therapy led to increased clinical response rates for people with systemic lupus erythematosus.

A new population-based study suggests that sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors — originally developed for glycaemic control — reduce the risk of autoimmune rheumatic diseases.

Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are associated with cancer risk through mechanisms involving disrupted immune tolerance and dysregulated immune responses. Deng et al. investigated how the timing of IMID diagnosis relative to cancer diagnosis affects patient survival outcomes.

Analysis of regional variations in the epidemiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) over the past 40 years indicates that the age-standardized incidence of RA has increased — and is expected to continue rising — while the mortality and morbidity of the disease are decreasing. As a result, the number of years lived with disability and the overall disease burden attributable to RA have increased and are projected to rise further.

This Review discusses latest advances in the field of cutaneous lupus, including the improved understanding of disease pathogenesis and emerging targeted therapies.

ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) includes three disease subtypes with partly overlapping clinical manifestations: granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA). This Review article provides an update on the diagnosis and classification of AAV, discussing parameters for assessing disease activity and predicting outcomes towards a personalized medicine approach.

This Review article provides an update on the pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of Takayasu arteritis. The authors emphasize the need for a multidisciplinary approach to the diagnosis and management of this complex disease.