Search

Repetition codes running many cycles of quantum error correction achieve exponential suppression of errors with increasing numbers of qubits.

Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern were detected early and multiple cases of virus spread not captured by clinical genomic surveillance were identified using high-resolution wastewater and clinical sequencing.

Coupling cure interventions with ART during early HIV infection may accelerate virus clearance and enhance T cell responses, supporting tailoring of monoclonal antibodies to sensitive viruses to improve their effects.

Multiomics analysis of tumor samples from the phase 1b GO30140 and phase 3 IMbrave150 trials reveals baseline immune and genetic features that might identify patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma who will benefit from atezolizumab and bevacizumab combination therapy.

Around 31,000 years ago, a young individual from Borneo had part of their left lower leg surgically amputated, probably as a child, and lived for another 6–9 years after amputation.

Many individual genetic risk loci associate with multiple diseases, but the molecular basis of these loci often remains unclear. Here, the authors provide a framework to reveal the genetic cross-disease associations at the PROCR vascular disease locus.

Invertebrates are key components in the ecological functioning of tropical forests. Here, Ewers et al. show that, compared to primary forest, logging halves the contribution of invertebrate species to several key ecosystem processes, including litter decomposition.

A set of procedures is described here for standardizing the evaluation of multiphoton microscope performance, covering laser power, pulse width optimizations, field of view, resolution and photomultiplier tube calibration.

A risk score based on a 34-gene signature for outcome prediction in meningioma was developed and validated in large multi-institutional cohorts and showed better performance in discriminating postoperative menignioma outcomes compared with existing meningioma classification systems.

In an ongoing phase 1/2 trial, mosunetuzumab, a CD20xCD3 bispecific antibody, plus polatuzumab vedotin, an anti-CD79B antibody–drug conjugate, had an overall response rate of 59.2%, supporting the potential of this combination for second-line treatment of patients with transplant-ineligible or CAR-T-cell-ineligible relapsed or refractory large B cell lymphoma.

VIPER has been successfully used to assess the regulatory activities of proteins from gene expression data, but its dependence on tissue-specific molecular profiles limits its applicability. MetaVIPER, introduced here, enables inference of the protein activities in orphan tissues and single cells.

Data sharing is an important component of reproducible research, but meaningful data sharing can be difficult. Here authors describe a new open source tool, AFQ-Browser, that builds an interactive website allowing visualization and exploratory data analysis of published diffusion MRI data.

It is unclear how evolutionary changes at enhancers affect the transcription of target genes. Measuring nascent transcription in CD4⁺ T cells in primates, the authors show that the effects of evolutionary changes in enhancers are buffered at the transcriptional level.

Adam Phillippy, Curtis Van Tassell, Timothy Smith and colleagues present a new reference genome assembly for the domestic goat using a pipeline that improves contiguity of the assembly by more than 250-fold. The pipeline uses a combination of short- and long-read sequencing, optical mapping, and chromatin interaction mapping.

Single-atom catalysts are receiving much attention, but insights into their active sites or the differences in reactivity with conventional nanoparticles are still controversial. Now, operando studies on CO oxidation with Ir/MgAl₂O₄ accompanied by computational investigations reveal important features of this class of catalyst.

Here, the authors show in a cohort of people with HIV, COVID mRNA vaccination is followed by a transient boost in a particular profile of HIV-specific T-cell responses and a corresponding decrease in residual HIV RNA – suggesting productive immune engagement with infected cells.

The complete assembly of human chromosome 8 resolves previous gaps and reveals hidden complex forms of genetic variation, enabling functional and evolutionary characterization of primate centromeres.

Genetic analyses identify widespread sex-differential participation bias in population-based studies and show how this bias can lead to incorrect inferences. These findings highlight new challenges for association studies as sample sizes continue to grow.

Motorists concentrating too hard on the open road overtake dangerously, new research shows.

The epigenetic changes underlying the heterogeneity of RA disease presentation have been the subject of intense scrutiny. In this study, the authors use multiple single-cell sequencing datasets to define ‘chromatin superstates’ in patients with RA, which associate with distinct transcription factors and disease phenotypes.

Using single-neuron recordings in the human brain during a working-memory task, the authors show both stimulus-specific and nonspecific types of persistent activity in neurons of the medial frontal and medial temporal lobes. Persistent activity in hippocampus and amygdala was predictive of memory content and displayed dynamic attractor patterns.

Here, the authors present an approach for the simultaneous optogenetic manipulation and recording of neural activity at cellular resolution using two-photon microscopy and apply their strategy in the mouse barrel cortex.

Although epigenome-wide association studies of Alzheimer’s disease have highlighted neuropathology-associated DNA methylation differences, previous studies have been limited in sample size and brain region used. Here, the authors combine data from six DNA methylomic studies of Alzheimer’s disease (N = 1453 unique individuals) to identify differentially methylated loci across cortex.

By comparing the metabolomes, transcriptomes and epigenomes of human pluripotent stem cell lines, Sperber et al. show that interplay between the metabolome and histone modifications drives the metabolic switch from naive to primed pluripotency.

Gels formed by metal–ligand coordination typically consist of single metal ions linked together by polymer chains. Now, metal–organic cages have been used as junctions instead. A gel was prepared that features a large number of polymer chains at each junction, including loops that further serve to functionalize the material.

Multiplexing of quantum memories could boost the efficiency of photon state preparation. Here, the authors use a cold atomic ensemble and a single-photon resolving camera to exploit emission multiplexing of Raman photons from 665 different angular modes, confirming nonclassical photon-number correlations.

Godfrey, Pellicci and colleagues define the developmental stages and checkpoints for the development of mucosal-associated invariant T cells in humans and mice.

A genome-wide association study in more than 400,000 individuals identifies 139 new signals for lung function. These variants can predict chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in independent, transancestral cohorts.

Many studies implicate a prefrontal–basal ganglia circuit in the control of action-stopping. Here, Ricci Hannah and Adam Aron provide an update of studies of this circuit, discuss its clinical relevance, and consider whether its action-stopping function applies in real-world scenarios, beyond the laboratory.

The sandfish, a type of desert lizard, can vanish into a sandy substrate in a blink of an eye. Approaches that draw on mathematics, physics and engineering provide complementary insights into how the animal achieves this feat.

Organic thin film transistors are potent sensors, but their charge transport layers (CTL) need to be carefully designed to reach desired analyte responses. Here, the authors show that zinc phthalocyanine sensors with a CTL thickness of 200 Å and low crystallinity are most susceptible to physical alterations upon exposure to analytes, resulting in large electrical changes and a low detection limit of 40 ppb for Δ9-tetrahydrocannbinol vapor.

Analysis of fully clinically annotated and sequenced melanoma tumor samples collected before anti-PD1 treatment suggests that determinants of response differ on the basis of previous anti-CTLA4 therapy, and that tumor mutational burden may not be a strong predictor of response across melanoma subtypes.

The authors report a crossover from easy-plane to easy-axis magnetic anisotropy in monolayer RuCl₃, which they attribute to an in-plane distortion of the Cl atoms observed in electron diffraction that modify the non-Kitaev exchange terms. The results are useful for overcoming the challenge of realizing a quantum spin liquid.

Analyses of the genetic architecture of the human plasma metabolome in two large population-based cohorts identify associations between genetically determined metabolite levels and health.

Analysis of sequencing data from 249 cancer patients with clinically annotated outcomes to immune checkpoint therapy identifies correlates of treatment response. The results highlight complexity in identifying events that generate an immunoresponsive tumor environment.

IL-23 produced by myeloid-derived suppressor cells regulates castration resistance in prostate cancer by sustaining androgen receptor signalling.

Epidemiological studies have associated circulating levels of the amino acid glycine with cardiometabolic outcomes. Here, in a genome-wide meta-analysis of 80,003 individuals, Wittemans et al. identify 22 novel genetic loci for glycine and find a causal relationship with coronary heart disease using MR.

Trans-ancestry genome-wide analyses identify multiple loci associated with ascending aortic diameter. A polygenic score constructed from these loci predicted prevalent risk of thoracic aortic aneurysm in independent populations.