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Steering reflects the ability to predict measurement results on one side of a quantum-correlated system based on measurements on the other side, which can be phrased as a metrology problem. Here, the authors explore this connection, deriving a general steering criterion based on quantum Fisher information.

Indonesian cattle are unique due to their history of admixture involving both zebu and banteng. Here, Wang et al. identify ~3.5 million novel introgressed SNP variants and provide a genomic map of banteng introgression within and across many cattle breeds, each with unique introgression histories.

Zhao et al. used single-cell and spatial multiomics data analysis of human and mouse lung adenocarcinoma tumors and cell lines to reveal TP53 mutation-associated changes in cancer cells and their microenvironment.

A large brain imaging study of over 2000 people worldwide shows that fear conditioning engages brain regions linked to emotion and attention, with differences in individuals with anxiety or depression and strong influences from task design.

Simulating molecular adsorption on surfaces presents considerable challenges, as computational methods typically suffer from either insufficient accuracy or prohibitive computational costs. Now, with an open-source multilevel embedding approach, adsorption processes on the surfaces of ionic materials can be modelled routinely with an accuracy comparable to that of experiments.

Year-round tracer data from the MOSAiC expedition reveal strong variability in Siberian matter dispersal along the Arctic Transpolar Drift, driven by shifting river inputs and ice–ocean exchange, underscoring complex dynamics in a changing Arctic

IL-33 induces tertiary lymphoid structures.

High-coverage and low-coverage genomic data for some of the earliest modern humans in Europe provide insights into recent admixture with Neanderthals and familial relationship links with distant communities approximately 45,000 years ago.

Alterations in the tumour suppressor genes STK11 and/or KEAP1 can identify patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer who are likely to benefit from combinations of PD-(L)1 and CTLA4 immune checkpoint inhibitors added to chemotherapy.

Elezaby et al. show that cardiac troponin I interacts with mitochondrial ATP synthase to increase ATPase activity. Disrupting this interaction reduces cardiac damage following transient ischemia.

Single-cell analysis of lung, heart, kidney and liver autopsy samples shows the molecular and cellular changes and immune response resulting from severe COVID-19 infection.

Sequencing of the sex-determining Y chromosomes of cattle and sheep has proved difficult in the past. Using modern methods, this study presents complete T2T assemblies of these chromosomes and uncovers differences between the species that are suggestive of divergent evolutionary trajectories.

Large genome-wide meta-analysis of clinically diagnosed late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD) from 94,437 individuals identifies new LOAD risk loci and implicates Aβ formation, tau protein binding, immune response and lipid metabolism.

Genome-wide data for the three oldest known modern human remains in Europe, dated to around 45,000 years ago, shed light on early human migrations in Europe and suggest that mixing with Neanderthals was more common than is often assumed.

Rosen and colleagues perform epigenomic and transcriptomic analyses of insulin-resistant cells, and report that the vitamin D receptor and glucocorticoid receptor mediate transcriptional responses that promote insulin resistance.

The authors defined a roadmap for investigating the genetic covariance between structural or functional brain phenotypes and risk for psychiatric disorders. Their proof-of-concept study using the largest available common variant data sets for schizophrenia and volumes of several (mainly subcortical) brain structures did not find evidence of genetic overlap.

The role of IgG glycosylation in the immune response has been studied, but less is known about IgM glycosylation. Here the authors characterize glycosylation of SARS-CoV-2 spike specific IgM and show that it correlates with COVID-19 severity and affects complement deposition.

Venetoclax monotherapy is effective in 40% of t(11:14) positive multiple myeloma (MM). Here, the authors show that electron transport chain complex I (CI) and complex II (CII) activity predict MM sensitivity to venetoclax, and inhibition of CI with IACS-010759 or CII with TTFA increase sensitivity.

Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies on Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias identifies new loci and enables generation of a new genetic risk score associated with the risk of future Alzheimer’s disease and dementia.

Here we describe an open collaborative effort termed the ‘Ruminant T2T Consortium’. It aims to generate complete diploid assemblies for many species of ruminants to examine chromosomal evolution in the context of natural selection and domestication.

Pooled CRISPR perturbation screens with multimodal RNA and protein single-cell profiling readout (Perturb-CITE-seq) applied to patient-derived melanoma and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte co-cultures identifies new tumor immune evasion mechanisms.

Zhang et al. show that dynamin forms a helical structure with actin and, upon disruption, enhances branched actin polymerization, constituting a dynamic cycle to regulate actin cytoskeleton mechanical strength.

Genome-wide analyses identify common variants associated with 11 distinct neuropathology endophenotypes, providing insights into the mechanisms underlying the genetic risk of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias.

A spatially resolved transcriptional atlas of the mid-gestational developing human brain has been created using laser-capture microdissection and microarray technology, providing a comprehensive reference resource which also enables new hypotheses about the nature of human brain evolution and the origins of neurodevelopmental disorders.

Pangenomes have a number of advantages over linear reference assemblies. Here the authors use bovine haplotype-resolved assemblies to show that structural variant-based pangenomes are consistent regardless of sequence platform, assembler, or coverage, suggesting that rigid protocols may not be required.

Although the hedgehog (HH) pathway is known to be deregulated in medulloblastoma, inhibitors of the pathway have shown disappointing clinical benefit. Using single-cell sequencing in a mouse model of the disease, the authors show that the response to the HH pathway inhibitor vismodegib is cell-type specific.

The function of autophagy and how this affects non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is not fully known. Here the authors show that in mice with a targeted disruption of the autophagy pathway in CD11c⁺ cells, development of NAFLD is accelerated involving IL-23 and blocking of IL-23 reduces disease.

Liver metastases reduce clinical and preclinical immune-checkpoint inhibitor efficacy through hepatic siphoning of circulating activated CD8⁺ T cells, but therapeutic benefit can be improved by combining immunotherapy with liver-directed radiotherapy.

Single-cell transcriptional profiling of primary human synovial sarcoma tumors suggests that combinatorial treatment with HDAC and CDK4/CDK6 inhibitors could enhance tumor immunogenicity.

High-throughput screening and activity-based protein profiling find a selective and in vivo–active inhibitor of the membrane-associated serine hydrolase ABHD12 that alters lysophospholipid content and has immunostimulatory effects.

Taurine and indicine cattle have different desirable traits making them better adapted to different climates across the world. Here, Low et al. describe a pipeline to produce haplotype-resolved, chromosome-level genomes of Angus and Brahman cattle breeds from a crossbred individual and report on comparisons of the two genomes.

Despite technological advances, chromosome-level assemblies of mammalian genomes are still rare. Here, the authors use PacBio, Chicago and Hi-C approaches to generate a highly contiguous and partially-phased genome assembly for the water buffalo, Bubalus bubalis

Empirically based models of disease progression in familial frontotemporal dementia reveal the relative ordering of clinical, neuroimaging, and fluid biomarker changes and facilitate novel clinical trial designs

The extent, origins and consequences of genetic variation within human cell lines are studied, providing a framework for researchers to measure such variation in efforts to support maximally reproducible cancer research.

Bone marrow contains adipocytes, which have been thought to form one type of marrow adipose tissue (MAT). Here, the authors identify two MAT subpopulations in mice and humans—‘regulated’ and ‘constitute’ MAT—which show distinct phenotypic and cellular traits, and respond differently to cold exposure.

A draft sequence of the staple crop kabuli chickpea, together with resequencing and analysis of 90 additional lines from 10 countries, provides a resource for breeders.

The wiring of peripheral neural circuits that regulate heart rate is poorly understood. In this study, authors used tissue clearing for high-resolution characterization of nerves in the heart in 3D and transgenic and novel viral vector approaches to identify peripheral parasympathetic and sympathetic neuronal populations involved in heart rate control in mice.

On-surface, ultra-high vacuum conditions enable two-dimensional polymerizations to be precisely studied—often with submolecular resolution—but these syntheses are typically thermally activated, which can lead to high defect densities and relatively small domain sizes. Now, a self-assembled monolayer of a three-bladed fantrip monomer on alkane-passivated graphite has been covalently crosslinked into a mesoscale-ordered two-dimensional polymer by [4+4] photocycloaddition.

Rauch et al. show that loss-of-function mutations in the epigenetic regulator Dnmt3a lead to accelerated atherosclerosis, as previously shown for Tet2, and that loss of either gene leads to similar changes in atheroma composition, with the emergence of a distinct population of chemokine-enriched, resident-like macrophages infiltrating the adventitia, as revealed by single-cell transcriptomics and spatial proteomic analyses.

Many enzymes in eukaryotic and prokaryotic proteomes have no known substrate. Bachovchin et al. use the fluorescence polarization signal of broad-spectrum, activity-based probes to find inhibitors of such enzymes in high-throughput screens.

DADA2 is an open-source software package that denoises and removes sequencing errors from Illumina amplicon sequence data to distinguish microbial sample sequences differing by as little as a single nucleotide.

Genome engineering in cell lines or human stem cells often has poor efficiency, limiting the development of research and therapeutic applications. Here, the authors use a toxin-based selection system for precise bi-allelic engineering in cells and in vivo.

The on-chip generation of high-dimensional frequency-entangled states and their spectral-domain manipulation are demonstrated, introducing a powerful and practical platform for quantum information processing.

A set of ready-to-use tools for profiling fresh and frozen clinical tumor samples using scRNA-Seq and snRNA-Seq facilitates the implementation of single-cell technologies in clinical settings and the construction of single-cell tumor atlases.