Deficiencies in micronutrients, including trace elements, minerals, water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins, are common before bariatric surgery and often persist postoperatively, despite universal recommendations on multivitamin and mineral supplements. This Review highlights follow-up and treatment options for bariatric patients who develop nutrient deficiencies.
- Bikram S. Bal
- Frederick C. Finelli
- Timothy R. Koch