The management of localized bladder cancers is rapidly evolving. In this Review, the authors discuss diagnostic innovations, refinements in surgical approaches and novel intravesical or systemic treatments such as immunotherapies and antibody–drug conjugates, as well as future directions including bladder-sparing approaches for muscle-invasive disease and novel biomarkers for personalized treatment and follow-up.
- Marie-Pier St-Laurent
- Jussi Nikkola
- Peter C. Black