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Autonomous quantum error correction protects quantum systems against decoherence through engineered dissipation. Here the authors introduce the Star code, which actively corrects single-photon loss and passively suppresses low-frequency dephasing and implement it in a two-transmon device.

Flinker and colleagues describe a framework for auditory cortical asymmetries that capitalizes on spectrotemporal modulation space. Data from psychophysics, magnetoencephalography (MEG) and electrocorticography (ECoG) inform a signal processing-based view on lateralization.

It is known that compressed sequences of hippocampal place cells can ‘replay’ previous navigational trajectories in linearly constrained mazes; here, rat place-cell sequences representing two-dimensional spatial trajectories were observed before navigational decisions, and predicted the immediate navigational path.

Neonatal brain dynamics are not well understood. Here, the authors characterise brain transient states in neonates, and show that preterm infants display altered whole brain dynamics and an atypical repertoire of regional transient states, which are associated with behavioural outcomes at 18 months of age.

Excited state dynamics of alloyed quantum dots differ from that of binary quantum dots. Here, the authors use femtosecond spectroscopy and theoretical calculations to show that alloying tunes relaxation dynamics separately from traditional optical properties of quantum dots.

Shuman et al. report that epileptic mice harbor desynchronized hippocampal interneuron activity and unstable spatial representations, revealing that precise intrahippocampal synchronization is critical for spatial coding.

A single electron spin in silicon is dressed by a microwave field to create a new qubit with tangible advantages for quantum computation and nanoscale research.

It is often assumed that systems that can be analyzed accurately via mean-field theory would not be worth looking at using quantum algorithms, given entanglement plays no key role. Here, the authors show instead that a quantum advantage can be expected for simulating the exact time evolution of such electronic systems.

High-grade gliomas functionally remodel neural circuits in the human brain, promoting tumour progression and impairing cognition.

Machine learning analyses and playback experiments in wild African elephants suggest that individuals address conspecifics with name-like calls that do not rely on imitation of the receiver.

Beta cell subpopulations with low expression in PDX1, MAFA, and insulin might contribute to islet function and insulin release. Here the authors show that altering the proportion of PDX1^LOW MAFA^LOW to PDX1^HIGH MAFA^HIGH cells impairs islet function.

Experiments demonstrate the powerful capabilities of ultracold molecules to study dynamics in the context of quantum magnetism, and create new possibilities for studying quantum physics with ultracold molecules more broadly.

A core aspect of human episodic memory is the ability to recall events in the order that they were experienced. The authors found that successful memory for order is related to the precise timing of high frequency brain activity with respect to slower underlying rhythms.

El-Gaby et al. combine multiunit recordings and optogenetic silencing in the mouse hippocampus and uncover a primary role for millisecond-timescale neural coactivity in encoding behavioral contingency information and supporting memory retrieval.

The ASAP4 family of genetically encoded voltage indicators allows recording of action potentials and subthreshold activity with either one- or two-photon microscopy over extended periods of time.

Speech neuroprosthetic devices should be capable of restoring a patient’s ability to participate in interactive dialogue. Here, the authors demonstrate that the context of a verbal exchange can be used to enhance neural decoder performance in real time.

Assaneo et al. show that speech production timing can facilitate perception. Individuals differed in whether they utilized motor timing depending on the auditory–motor cortex connection strength.

It was recently predicted that, in addition to well-known spinon excitations, a 1D spin-trimer chain with periodic exchange couplings hosts novel composite excitations. Bera et al. experimentally demonstrate and characterize such excitations, termed doublons and quartons, in a spin-trimer compound Na₂Cu₃Ge₄O₁₂.

The hippocampus is a central memory hub and exhibits prominent theta oscillations. Here the authors show that oscillations are visible in behavior when decisions depend on memory, paralleled by theta phase synchronization in hippocampal recordings.

Hong et al. show that activation of the medial prefrontal cortex induces REM sleep via its projections to the lateral hypothalamus, thus demonstrating a critical role of the cortex in the regulation of REM sleep.

A study establishes a scalable approach to engineer and characterize a many-body-localized discrete time crystal phase on a superconducting quantum processor.

A simple behavioral task identifies two qualitatively different groups within the general population, according to their speech-to-speech synchronization abilities. Group pertinence predicts brain function and anatomy, as well as word-learning performance.

A class of quantum neural networks is presented that outperforms comparable classical feedforward networks. They achieve a higher capacity in terms of effective dimension and at the same time train faster, suggesting a quantum advantage.

Ultraviolet photoacoustic microscopy in reflection mode can be used to intraoperatively evaluate undecalcified and decalcified thick bone specimens without sectioning them.

Magnetic skyrmions are topological spin textures, most notably occurring in magnetic materials. So far, the skyrmions that have been reported correspond to topological textures of magnetic dipole moments. Zhang et al show theoretically that quantum effects can lead to a distinct type of skyrmion that combines dipolar and quadrupolar moments, proposing a variety of materials, including magnets and quantum paramagnets, where such textures can be stabilized.

As part of the modENCODE initiative, which aims to characterize functional DNA elements in D. melanogaster and C. elegans, this study presents a genome-wide chromatin landscape of the fruitfly, based on 18 histone modifications. Nine prevalent chromatin states are described. Integrating these analyses with other data types reveals individual characteristics of different genomic elements. The work provides a resource of unprecedented scale for future experimental investigations.

Whether maximizing rewards and minimizing punishments rely on distinct brain learning systems remains debated. Here, using intracerebral recordings in humans, the authors provide evidence for brain regions differentially engaged in signaling reward and punishment prediction errors that prescribe repetition versus avoidance of past choices.

We have developed FastKAST, a highly-scalable algorithm to identify non-linear genetic effects on complex traits in large datasets. Applied to 300K UK Biobank individuals, we successfully detected significant non-linear effects across 53 traits.

Simulating ultrafast quantum dissipation in molecular excited states is a strongly demanding computational task. Here, the authors combine tensor network simulation, entanglement renormalisation and machine learning to simulate linear vibronic models, and test the method by analysing singlet fission dynamics.

Camacho et al. show that emotion concepts are represented throughout the brain, giving insight to how the brain perceives real-world emotions. These patterns are present before children enter school and become more standardized across adolescence.

Millennial-scale climate oscillations can arise from orbital forcing alone during relatively stable glacial climate states, according to an analysis of high- and low-latitude climate proxy records as well as climate modelling.

Using brain organoids models, Prigione and colleagues uncovered the impact of Huntington’s disease on human brain developmental and identified early dysregulation of CHCHD2, which disrupted mitochondria and might serve as a therapeutic target.

Rabi dynamics between the ground state and an excited state in helium atoms are generated using femtosecond extreme-ultraviolet pulses from a seeded free-electron laser, which may allow ultrafast manipulation of coherent processes at short wavelengths.

Active locomotion requires closed-loop sensorimotor co ordination between perception and action. Here the authors show using behavioural, imaging and modelling approaches that gaze orientation during phototaxis behaviour in larval zebrafish is related to oscillatory dynamics of a neuronal population in the hindbrain.

Deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) are able to identify faces on par with humans. Here, the authors record neuronal activity from higher visual areas in humans and show that face-selective responses in the brain show similarity to those in the intermediate layers of the DCNN.

Spin models appear in several fields of physics and beyond, but solving many of them is a task for which no general efficient classical algorithm is known to exist. Here the authors demonstrate how a variety of spin glass models can be implemented and solved, via quantum simulation, in a system of trapped ions.

A hybrid quantum-classical algorithm for solving many-electron problems is developed, enabling the simulation, with the aid of 16 qubits on a quantum processor, of chemical systems with up to 120 orbitals.

Light could be used to carry quantum information in networks, but this requires methods to prepare and control individual photons. A superconducting circuit can controllably emit photons in either direction along a microwave waveguide.

In order to better distinguish the neural processing of speech versus language, this study measured brain responses to foreign speech that was temporally scrambled to varying extents. Using this manipulation to highlight sensitivity to speech independent of linguistic structure, the authors identify a bilateral locus of speech analysis in the superior temporal sulcus.

Experiments have shown that coupling ensembles of molecules to a cavity mode can modify chemical reactions, though theoretical studies have struggled to model the complexity of this many-body system. Here, matrix product states are used to study the reaction-relevant many-body quantum dynamics, revealing the importance of disorder on entanglement build-up.

The efficiency of running quantum algorithms can be improved by expanding the hardware operations that a quantum computer can perform. A high-fidelity three-qubit iToffoli gate has now been demonstrated using superconducting qubits.

Animal behaviour is governed by planning and executing movements. Here, using non-stereotypical movements to separate planning and executional processes, the authors find evidence for slow processes for planning and fast processes for movement execution.

The authors report that the frequency of in vitro gamma oscillations in mouse hippocampus is increased by the activation of specific NMDA receptors on interneurons. This increase is countered by GABA_A receptor–mediated tonic inhibition of interneurons.

Plasma mirrors have become the preferred method for electron injection to laser-based accelerators, but the optimal configuration is difficult to achieve. Here, an alternative injection method employing a low-density foam target and a helical laser pulse is investigated numerically.