Some pathogenic bacteria rely on adhesive appendages, known as archaic chaperone-usher pili, to establish drug-resistant multi-layered biofilms. Here, Malmi et al. use electron microscopy techniques to show that these pili form a network of ultrathin, flat stacks interconnecting bacterial cells, and provide a detailed description of the interactions between pili.
- Henri Malmi
- Natalia Pakharukova
- Anton V. Zavialov
