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A glycosylation platform is demonstrated that enables selective coupling between a wide range of unprotected or minimally protected donor and acceptor sugars, producing 1,2-cis-O-glycosides in a catalyst-controlled, site-selective manner.

Metal organic frameworks (MOF) coated with mammalian cell membranes have good biocompatibility. Here, the authors develop a cobalt based hydrogen sulphide producing MOF cloaked with a macrophage membrane and show that the subsequent system can reduce tumour growth in mice.

A reference-quality genome assembly of hexaploid oat variety ‘Sanfensan’ and genome assemblies of its diploid and tetraploid Avena ancestors provide insights into the evolutionary history of allohexaploid oat.

While the list of van der Waals magnetic materials has expanded considerably over the last few years, these are still typically limited to low temperatures. Here, Wu et al report wafer scale growth, and robust room temperature ferromagnetism in Fe3GaTe2.

The authors introduce nanoscale titanium layers to boost the flexibility of flexible thermoelectric device with 162 thin-film legs (p-Bi0.5Sb_1.5Te₃/n-Bi₂Te_2.7Se_0.3), achieving a high normalized power density >4 μW cm⁻² K⁻² and offering good flexibility.

Aging increases the risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here, the authors present a spatial transcriptome atlas of the human prefrontal cortex in AD, revealing distinct transcriptional alterations.

Targeting coalescent analysis (TarCA) is a statistical method that quantifies the number of progenitor cells of a given population using single-cell phylogenetic data.

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) represents a major reason for discontinuation of treatment. Here, the authors show that LEI-515, a peripherally restricted monoacylglycerol lipase inhibitor, suppresses CIPN without inducing central nervous system side effects or physical dependence.

John Chambers and colleagues identify common variants at four loci associated with serum creatinine levels, a marker of kidney function. Their findings provide insight into the pathways underlying susceptibility to chronic kidney disease.

The X-ray crystal structure of ultraviolet-B-sensing protein UVR8 is determined, revealing that, unlike other known photoreceptors, the chromophore is not an external cofactor but rather two amino acids.

Investigating the inner structure of baryons is important to further our understanding of the strong interaction. Here, the BESIII Collaboration extracts the absolute value of the ratio of the electric to magnetic form factors and its relative phase for e + e − → J/ψ → ΛΣ decays, enhancing the signal thanks to the vacuum polarisation effect at the J/ψ peak.

The contribution of rare variants to complex traits has not been well studied. Here, the authors present RARity, a method to assess rare variant heritability without assuming a particular genetic architecture and enabling both gene-level and exome-wide heritability estimation of continuous traits.

Tailored to provide diabetes management recommendations from large training and validation datasets, an artificial intelligence system integrating language and computer vision capabilities is shown to improve self-management of patients in a prospective implementation study.

The platelets detect and respond to shear stress generated by blood flow. Here the authors show that the binding of the soluble von Willebrand factor to its receptor GPIba under physiological shear stress induces receptor's domain unfolding on the platelet and signalling into the platelet, leading to platelets clearance.

Triplet exciton harvesting through thermally activated delayed fluorescence is shown to be effective also under X-ray excitation, increasing the efficiency and imaging quality of X-ray detectors based on organic scintillation.

Live-cell single-molecule imaging of pioneer transcription factors revealed a ‘confined target search’ mechanism where they alternate between fast free diffusion in the nucleus and slower confined diffusion within compacted chromatin domains, leading to efficient pioneering on closed targets.

How excitatory neurons (EN) acquire senescence is unclear. Here, the authors show that GDF11 in ENs slows EN senescence, brain ageing, cognitive decline and maintains lifespan, revealing a mechanism underlying EN senescence and brain ageing.

The spatial and temporal organization of bacterial chromosomes is important for many cellular functions. Using high-precision measurements of fluorescently labelled chromosomal loci, Javer et al.demonstrate variation in the dynamics of different chromosomal sites, which may either be due to differential organization of the chromosome or spatial variation in molecular noise.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have become a key tool to discover genetic markers for complex traits; however, environmental factors that interact with genes are rarely considered. Here, the authors conduct a GWAS of obesity traits, and find that smoking may alter genetic susceptibilities.

Antitumour immune responses to checkpoint blockade can be augmented by modulating the microbiota in the tumour with hydrogel-embedded silver nanoparticles and specific exogenous bacteria, as shown for mice with squamous carcinoma tumours.

Hoetker et al. show that H3K36 methylation exerts a dual role in cell identity maintenance: it integrates TGFβ signals at mesenchymal targets to keep them active and prevents the activation of alternative lineage programmes via enhancer methylation.

CB₂ receptor agonists are developed as potential analgesics or immune-modulatory compounds. Here, the authors characterize the pharmacological properties of widely used CB₂ receptor agonists and antagonists, recommending three that appear most suitable for in vitro and in vivostudies.

The undesirable geological release of methane at remote locations can be lessened through an efficient methane conversion process. Here, the authors report selective ambient functionalization of methane by a vanadium (V)-oxo electrocatalyst with a low activation energy and a high turnover frequency.

Protein corona formation is known to have significant effects upon nanomaterials application. Here, the authors investigate the creation of a protein coating on liposomes with the aim of improving liposome circulation time by avoiding leukocyte capture and demonstrated application in vitro and ex vivo.

Untargeted metabolomics reveals that 11,12-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid released from macrophages via gasdermin G pores has a key role in promoting fibroblast growth factor-dependent muscle regeneration following injury.

The peculiar Type Ib supernova SN 2006jc is spatially coincident with a bright optical transient that occurred in 2004. An outburst (similar to that of a luminous blue variable star) of a Wolf–Rayet star could be invoked for the transient, but this would be the first observational evidence of such a phenomenon. Alternatively a massive binary system composed of an LBV which erupted in 2004, and a Wolf–Rayet star exploding as SN 2006jc, could explain the observations.

A four-dimensional printable shape memory hydrogel with shape-shifting onset adjustable by changing the programming conditions is reported.

Gu et al. report that the OsSGS3-tasiRNA-OsARF3 module plays an important role in coordinating the trade-off between heat tolerance and disease resistance, which positively regulates thermotolerance but negatively modulates immunity in rice.

The sign of longitudinal piezoelectric coefficients is typically positive. Here, the authors tune the sign of the linear piezoelectric coefficient of HfO₂ from positive to negative via epitaxial strain, finding nonlinear and parabolic piezoelectric behaviors at tensile epitaxial strain.

How telomere dysfunction is directly linked to inflammation in humans is currently unclear. Here the authors reveal that telomere dysfunction drives activation of the YAP1 transcription factor, up-regulating the pro inflammatory factor, pro-IL-18 thus revealing a link between telomere dysfunction and initiation of intestinal inflammation.

Cation solvation in batteries is well understood in bulk solutions but less so at electrode/electrolyte interfaces. This study reveals how external and intramolecular fields affect Li-ion solvation, proposing a dielectric protocol to enhance cation–anion coordination and improve performance in Li-metal pouch cells.

An electrolyte design using small-sized fluoroacetonitrile solvents to form a ligand channel produces lithium-ion batteries simultaneously achieving high energy density, fast charging and wide operating temperature range, desirable features for batteries working in extreme conditions.

A significant proportion of individuals with inherited neuromuscular disease do not receive a genetic diagnosis. Here, the authors establish CCG expansions in the 5’ untranslated region of ABCD3 as a cause of oculopharyngodistal myopathy (OPDM) in individuals of European ancestry and identify increased expression of expansion-containing ABCD3 transcripts as a possible disease mechanism underlying muscle degeneration.

Anti-PD-1 immunotherapy often leads to undesired side effects such as colitis. In this study, Wu, Hu, Han et al. report a metabolic reconfiguration in colonic lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells regulated by PD-1 signaling that modulates inflammatory states in the gut.

T follicular helper (TFH) cell numbers are increased after vaccination and fewer of these cells might result in reduced vaccine responses. Here the authors show in mice and humans that leptin promotes T_FH differentiation and that low leptin levels can impair T_FH response to vaccines and virus protection in mice.

A genome-wide association study and Metabochip meta-analysis of body mass index (BMI) detects 97 BMI-associated loci, of which 56 were novel, and many loci have effects on other metabolic phenotypes; pathway analyses implicate the central nervous system in obesity susceptibility and new pathways such as those related to synaptic function, energy metabolism, lipid biology and adipogenesis.

Proteomics can aid in the identification of molecular subtypes in cancers. Here, the authors perform proteomic profiling of 124 paired oesophageal cancer and adjacent non-tumour tissues and identify two subtypes that are associated with patient survival for therapeutic targeting.

The deubiquitinase PICI1 is identified as part of an immunity hub that coordinates pattern- and effector-triggered immunity and is involved in conferring broad-spectrum resistance to blast across different subspecies of rice.

A report of the optical discovery and follow-up observations of the type Ic supernova SN 2006aj associated with X-ray flash XRF 060218. SN 2006aj was intrinsically less luminous than the gamma-ray burst (GRB)–supernovae connection, but more luminous than many supernovae not accompanied by a GRB.

Satellite geodesy and downscaled laboratory experiments reveal that great subduction earthquakes trigger step changes in kinematics of neighboring segments. This signal is potentially informative of the timing of the seismic cycle.

A new strategy to reduce charge leakage in quantum-dot light-emitting diodes enables high external quantum efficiencies of 28.7% and 21.9% and excellent T₉₅ lifetimes of 580,000 h and 4,400 h for green and blue devices, respectively.