A genetically encoded ratiometric biosensor not based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), ClopHensor, allows concurrent measurement of intracellular pH and chloride by providing an internal control for pH-dependent fluorescence changes. Measurements of chloride levels in acidic large dense core vesicles showed high concentrations of chloride.
- Daniele Arosio
- Fernanda Ricci
- Fabio Beltram