We demonstrate a 1D linear potential system in superconducting films by creating vortex-antivortex pairs linked by either quantized or unquantized magnetic flux. Our study of vortex pair manipulation and thermal behavior reveals a 1D force mediated by unquantized magnetic flux. This discovery suggests a universal mechanism for forming 1D force systems, offering a new paradigm in the physics of 1D forces.
- Geunyong Kim
- Jinyoung Yun
- Jeehoon Kim
