Clinical trials have demonstrated sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors to be safe and effective drugs that improve kidney outcomes in patients with and without diabetes. SGLT2 inhibitors also improve heart failure outcomes for patients with preserved or reduced ejection fraction. This Review summarizes findings from clinical trials of SGLT2 inhibitors, focusing on the effects of these agents in patients with chronic kidney disease and heart failure, and describes how potential mechanisms of action may translate into clinical benefit.
- Annemarie B. van der Aart-van der Beek
- Rudolf A. de Boer
- Hiddo J. L. Heerspink